基于GIS的冰川中流线自动提取方法设计与实现

doi:10.7522/j.issn.1000-0240.2015.0173

冰川冻土 ›› 2015, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (6): 1563-1570.doi: 10.7522/j.issn.1000-0240.2015.0173

基于GIS的冰川中流线自动提取方法设计与实现

姚晓军¹, 刘时银², 朱钰^{1 3}, 宫鹏¹, 安丽娜¹, 李晓锋¹

1. 西北师范大学地理与环境科学学院, 甘肃兰州 730070;
2. 中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所, 甘肃兰州 730000;
3. 兰州交通大学测绘与地理信息学院, 甘肃兰州 730070

收稿日期:2015-09-18 修回日期:2015-11-12 出版日期:2015-12-25 发布日期:2016-05-11
通讯作者: 刘时银,E-mail:liusy@lzb.ac.cn. E-mail:liusy@lzb.ac.cn
作者简介:姚晓军(1980-),男,山西夏县人,副教授,2014年于中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所获得博士学位,现主要从事地理信息技术与冰冻圈变化方向研究.E-mail:yaoxj_nwnu@163.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(41261016);科技部科技基础性工作专项(2013FY111400);甘肃省高等学校科研项目(2014A-001;2013A-018)资助

Design and implementation of an automatic method for deriving glacier centerlines based on GIS

YAO Xiaojun¹, LIU Shiyin², ZHU Yu^{1 3}, GONG Peng¹, AN Lina¹, LI Xiaofeng¹

1. College of Geography and Environment Sciences, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China;
2. Cold and Arid Region Environmental and Engineering Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China;
3. Faculty of Geomatics, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou 730070, China

Received:2015-09-18 Revised:2015-11-12 Online:2015-12-25 Published:2016-05-11

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 冰川长度是冰川编目的重要组成部分, 在冰川变化研究中具有十分重要的作用. 基于冰川轮廓矢量数据和数字高程模型数据, 从冰川形态角度提出了针对单一盆地与单一出口、复式盆地与单一出口、冰帽三种类型冰川的中流线自动提取方案, 并在GIS软件支持下实现了冰川海拔最高点与最低点、冰川中流线的自动提取. 以乌鲁木齐河源1号冰川、喀纳斯冰川、古里雅冰帽和野牛沟冰帽为例, 分别提取了各条冰川的中流线, 结果表明SRTM和ASTER GDEM两类数字高程模型数据对冰川海拔最高点与最低点的位置判别影响较小; 对单一盆地与单一出口类型冰川中流线实现了自动化提取, 而对于复式盆地与单一出口冰川类型和冰帽类型, 在冰川中流线提取中仍需专家知识支撑. 与我国第一次冰川编目中的长度数据相比, 本方法提取的冰川长度数据更加合理, 对于补充与完善我国第二次冰川编目数据集具有一定的参考价值.

关键词: 冰川, 长度, 中流线, 冰川编目, GIS

Abstract: Glacier length is a key parameter in glacier inventory and plays an important role for studying glacier change. Its vector representation (glacier centerlines) is a most important input for modeling glacier evolution and calculating glacier ice volume, but is unavailable in the Second Chinese Glacier Inventory datasets. Hence, there is an urgent need to generate glacier centerlines with automated methods. In this paper, a new strategy is presented, which is based on glacier axis concept derived from glacier morphology and requires only glacier outlines and a DEM as input. Using GIS modeling techniques, an automatic method is applied to derive the heads, termini and centerlines of glaciers of the following three types: single accumulation region and single terminus, multiple branches and single terminus, ice cap (e.g. multiple heads and multiple termini). The method have been applied to the Vrümqi Glacier No.1, the Kanasi Glacier, the Guliya Ice Cap and the Yeniugou Ice Cap, of which the vector data are derived from the recent datasets of the Second Chinese Glacier Inventory. Compared with the corresponding length records in the First Chinese Glacier Inventory, the glacier centerlines of the four glaciers and their maximum lengths and average lengths derived by the new developed method can not only avoid the disadvantages in the existing methods, such as only one centerline per glacier that does not necessarily correspond to the longest one, but also achieve more reasonable glacier length information and effective more than artificial measurement in the former glacier inventory. So the new developed method will be used to enrich and improve the Second Chinese Glacier Inventory datasets.

Key words: glacier, length, centerline, glacier inventory, GIS

中图分类号:

P343.6

姚晓军, 刘时银, 朱钰, 宫鹏, 安丽娜, 李晓锋. 基于GIS的冰川中流线自动提取方法设计与实现[J]. 冰川冻土, 2015, 37(6): 1563-1570.

YAO Xiaojun, LIU Shiyin, ZHU Yu, GONG Peng, AN Lina, LI Xiaofeng. Design and implementation of an automatic method for deriving glacier centerlines based on GIS[J]. JOURNAL OF GLACIOLOGY AND GEOCRYOLOGY, 2015, 37(6): 1563-1570.

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基于GIS的冰川中流线自动提取方法设计与实现

Design and implementation of an automatic method for deriving glacier centerlines based on GIS

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