祁连山老虎沟流域产汇流特征分析

doi:10.7522/j.issn.1000-0240.2017.0017

冰川冻土 ›› 2017, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (1): 140-147.doi: 10.7522/j.issn.1000-0240.2017.0017

祁连山老虎沟流域产汇流特征分析

张雪艳^1,2, 秦翔^1,3, 吴锦奎¹, 张晓鹏^1,2

1. 中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院冰冻圈科学国家重点实验室祁连山冰川与生态环境综合观测研究站, 甘肃兰州 730000;
2. 中国科学院大学, 北京 100049;
3. 兰州大学资源环境学院, 甘肃兰州 730000

收稿日期:2016-07-02 修回日期:2016-12-25 出版日期:2017-02-25 发布日期:2017-06-03
通讯作者: 秦翔,E-mail:qinxiang@lzb.ac.cn. E-mail:qinxiang@lzb.ac.cn
作者简介:张雪艳(1987-),女,河南商丘人,2014年在中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所获硕士学位,从事冰川水文研究.E-mail:zxueyan1219@126.com
基金资助:
国家重大科学研究计划项目（2013CBA01801）；国家自然科学基金项目（41371091）；中国科学院重点部署项目（KJZD-EW-G03-01）资助

Analysis of the characteristics of runoff yield and confluence in the Laohugou basin, Qilian Mountains

ZHANG Xueyan^1,2, QIN Xiang^1,3, WU Jinkui¹, ZHANG Xiaopeng^1,2

1. Qilian Shan Station of Glaciology and Ecologic Environment, State Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Sciences, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China;
2. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;
3. College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China

Received:2016-07-02 Revised:2016-12-25 Online:2017-02-25 Published:2017-06-03

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为了研究老虎沟流域冰川产汇流特征，根据老虎沟流域2009年消融期4-10月的气象与水文观测资料，采用排除和不排除降水对冰雪消融产流影响的方法，对老虎沟流域融水径流的产流特征、白天和夜晚径流特征、径流的滞后效应进行了分析。结果表明： 5-9月各月流量占到整个消融期流量的比例分别为7%、26%、33%、19%、14%。降水对河流的产流贡献率约为22%，冰雪融水和地下水对河流的产流贡献率为78％。观测期内，除5月外，白天流量全部大于晚上流量，而且6-8月白天和夜晚径流之间的差值较大。老虎沟冰川区以裸冰消融为主，冰面湖较少而且小，汇流较快，储水性能并不明显。5-9月流量峰值和谷值平均分别滞后气温7.0 h、3.5 h、2.5 h、2.5 h和4.5 h，冰川排水系统也随着流量变化经历慢速-快速-慢速的变化过程。

关键词: 老虎沟流域, 冰雪融水, 储水性能, 产汇流

Abstract: In order to study the characteristics of runoff yield and confluence in Laohugou basin, the hydrological characteristics are analyzed in this paper based on the measurements in the Laohugou Glacier No.12 from April to October, 2009. The results show that from May to September, monthly runoff accounted for 7%, 26%, 33%, 19%, 14%, respectively, of the annual total. Precipitation contributed to the annual runoff about 22%. Glacier meltwater and groundwater contributed the annual runoff about 78%. The runoff during the daytime was higher than that in the night except May. The most part of the Laohugou glacier surface was bare ice, with a small amount of little lakes, resulting in minor water storage ability. On average, the peak and valley of runoff lagged the peak and valley of temperature for 7.0 h, 3.5 h, 2.5 h, 2.5 h, 4.5 h, respectively, from May to September. Glacier drainage system also experienced a slow-fast-slow process.

Key words: Laohugou basin, ice and snow meltwater, water storage ability, runoff yield and confluence

中图分类号:

P343.6

张雪艳, 秦翔, 吴锦奎, 张晓鹏. 祁连山老虎沟流域产汇流特征分析[J]. 冰川冻土, 2017, 39(1): 140-147.

ZHANG Xueyan, QIN Xiang, WU Jinkui, ZHANG Xiaopeng. Analysis of the characteristics of runoff yield and confluence in the Laohugou basin, Qilian Mountains[J]. JOURNAL OF GLACIOLOGY AND GEOCRYOLOGY, 2017, 39(1): 140-147.

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祁连山老虎沟流域产汇流特征分析

Analysis of the characteristics of runoff yield and confluence in the Laohugou basin, Qilian Mountains

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