水足迹视角下低水消费模式研究——以黑河流域张掖市居民消费为例

doi:10.7522/j.issn.1000-0240.2018.0068

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摘要人口的迅速增长、技术的日益进步和消费的不断增加，被认为是产生当前环境危机的最主要的三大原因。由人口的增长和技术的进步所引起的环境问题，早已引起人们的广泛关注，而消费的增加所引起的环境问题直到近年来才逐渐为人们所关注，但对相关问题的研究已经成为热点。水足迹概念的提出，帮助人类更好地认识到食物、工业产品的消费，享受由水资源提供的各种服务。基于水足迹理论，探讨了倡导在满足人类基本需求的同时减少消费水足迹的低水消费模式的必要性，并以德国营养协会推荐的健康饮食模式（DGE）为参考，比较与分析了澳大利亚日常饮食消费模式、典型内陆河张掖市各县区饮食结构的差异，分析了三种消费结构的食物消费量、消费水足迹组分与总消费水足迹特征。研究发现，与DGE健康模式相比，张掖市各县区在肉类、蛋类消费量较高，而蔬菜、水果消费量较低；从消费总水足迹来看，仅有临泽县、山丹县较为接近DGE健康模式，肃南县远高于DGE健康模式；与DGE健康模式的水足迹多样性指数相比，临泽县的多样性指数（1.82）与DGE健康模式的多样性指数最为接近（1.84），在张掖市各县区中，临泽县今后将通过优化、调整当前饮食结构，最先实现德国营养协会推荐的健康消费模式，实现水足迹视角下的低水消费模式。

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	苏芳
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	丁杨

关键词 ：黑河, 水足迹, 可持续消费, 消费模式, 低水消费

Abstract：Population growth, technology stepping forward and increasing consumption are considered to be the main causes of the three environmental crises. Environmental problems due to population growth and technology stepping forward have already caused widespread concern, while the environmental problems caused by consumption increase have not gotten enough attention and research in-depth. In this paper, the water footprint theory is proposed to discuss the necessity and to advocacy meeting basic human needs while reducing the water footprint consumption. Then, a healthy dietary pattern (DGE) recommended by the German Nutrition Society is taken as a reference, as well as the Australia daily dietary consumption patterns. There are difference among the counties of Zhangye Prefecture in diet type. The food consumption, consumption of water footprint components and water footprint characteristics of total consumption in the structures of three consumption are analyzed. According to the study, the following conclusions can be drawn that compared with the DGE health model, the consumption of eggs and meat is higher in the counties (district) of Zhangye Prefecture, while the consumption of vegetables and fruits is lower; from the point of the total water footprint consumption, only Linze County, and Shandan County are close to DGE health model, Sunan County is higher than the DGE health model; compared with healthy patterns DGE water footprint diversity, Linze County's diversity index (1.82) is close to DGE health model's diversity index (1.84). Among the counties of Zhangye Prefecture, Linze County will go through adjusting the current diet, firstly realizing the healthy consumption patterns recommended by German Nutrition Society and the low water consumption patterns from the perspective of water footprint.

Key words： Heihe River water footprint sustainable consumption consumption patterns low water consumption

收稿日期: 2017-05-12

中图分类号:	F062.1
	TV213.4

基金资助:国家社会科学基金西部项目（17XJY018）；教育部人文社会科学研究规划基金项目（16YJAZH051）；甘肃省软科学项目（1604ZCRA020）；国家自然科学基金青年项目（41401653）资助

通讯作者: 尚海洋,E-mail:haiyangshang@sina.cn E-mail: haiyangshang@sina.cn

作者简介: 苏芳(1981-),女,甘肃兰州人,教授,2009年在中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所获博士学位,从事生态经济及区域可持续发展研究.E-mail:sofineyy@163.com

引用本文:

苏芳, 尚海洋, 丁杨. 水足迹视角下低水消费模式研究——以黑河流域张掖市居民消费为例[J]. 冰川冻土, 2018, 40(3): 625-633. SU Fang, SHANG Haiyang, DING Yang. Study on the low water consumption patterns from the perspective of water footprint:take Zhangye Prefecture residents' food consumption as a case. JOURNAL OF GLACIOLOGY AND GEOCRYOLOGY, 2018, 40(3): 625-633.

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http://bcdt.westgis.ac.cn/CN/10.7522/j.issn.1000-0240.2018.0068 或 http://bcdt.westgis.ac.cn/CN/Y2018/V40/I3/625

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