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冰川冻土 ›› 2019, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (6): 1313-1325.doi: 10.7522/j.issn.1000-0240.2019.0017

• • 上一篇    下一篇

1956—2017年河西内流区冰川资源时空变化特征

高永鹏1(), 姚晓军1(), 刘时银2,3, 祁苗苗1, 段红玉1, 刘娟1, 张大弘1   

  1. 1.西北师范大学 地理与环境科学学院,甘肃 兰州 730070
    2.中国科学院 西北生态环境资源研究院 冰冻圈科学国家重点实验室,甘肃 兰州 730000
    3.云南大学 国际河流与生态安全研究院,云南 昆明 650500
  • 收稿日期:2018-08-27 修回日期:2019-04-16 出版日期:2019-12-25 发布日期:2019-03-16
  • 通讯作者: 姚晓军 E-mail:gaoyongpeng_geogis@163.com;xj_yao@nwnu.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:高永鹏(1990—), 男, 甘肃泾川人, 2016年在西北师范大学获学士学位, 现为西北师范大学在读硕士研究生, 从事3S技术应用与冰川变化研究. E-mail:gaoyongpeng_geogis@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(41561016);科技部基础性工作专项(2013FY111400);西北师范大学青年教师科研能力提升计划项目(NWNU-LKQN-14-4)

Spatial-temporal variation of glacier resources in the Hexi interior from 1956 to 2017

Yongpeng GAO1(), Xiaojun YAO1(), Shiyin LIU2,3, Miaomiao QI1, Hongyu DUAN1, Juan LIU1, Dahong ZHANG1   

  1. 1.College of Geography and Environment Science,Northwest Normal University,Lanzhou 730070,China
    2.State Key Laboratory of Cryosphere Sciences,Northwest Institute of Eco-Environmental and Resources,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Lanzhou 730000,China
    3.Institute of International Rivers and Eco-Security,Yunnan University,Kunming 650500,China
  • Received:2018-08-27 Revised:2019-04-16 Online:2019-12-25 Published:2019-03-16
  • Contact: Xiaojun YAO E-mail:gaoyongpeng_geogis@163.com;xj_yao@nwnu.edu.cn

摘要:

基于修订后的河西内流区第一、 第二次冰川编目数据及2016—2017年Landsat OLI遥感影像, 对河西内流区1956—2017年冰川时空变化特征进行分析。结果表明: ①河西内流区现有冰川1 769条, 面积976.59 km2, 冰储量约49.82 km3。冰川面积以介于0.1 ~ 10 km2的冰川为主, 数量以<0.5 km2的冰川为主。祁连山是该区域冰川集中分布区, 其冰川数量、 面积和冰储量分别占该区域冰川相应总量的98.47%、 97.52%和97.53%。②疏勒河流域(5Y44)冰川数量、 面积及冰储量最多(最大), 冰川平均面积为0.81 km2, 石羊河流域(5Y41)最少(最小)。从四级流域来看, 宁掌等流域(5Y445)冰川最为发育, 冰川数量、 面积及储量均最大, 宰尔莫合流域(5Y446)冰川平均面积最大(1.80 km2), 夹道沟-潘家河流域(5Y422)最小, 仅有0.05 km2。③近60年河西内流区冰川数量减少556条, 面积减少417.85 km2, 冰储量损失20.16 km3。面积介于0.1 ~ 0.5 km2之间的冰川数量与面积减少最多(457条和 -117.49 km2), 海拔4 400 ~ 5 400 m区间是冰川面积集中退缩的区域(98.55%), 北朝向冰川面积减少最多(-219.92 km2)且冰川退缩速率最快(-3.61 km2·a-1)。④1956—2017年河西内流区各流域冰川面积均呈退缩态势, 区内冰川变化呈自西向东逐渐加快的趋势, 但有3条冰川在1986—2017年出现不同程度的前进, 气温升高是该区域冰川退缩的主要原因。

关键词: 冰川变化, 冰川编目, 气候变化, 河西内流区

Abstract:

Based on the revised First and Second Chinese Glacier Inventories and Landsat OLI imagery in 2016 - 2017, we analyzed the spatial-temporal variation characteristics of glaciers in the Hexi interior from 1956 to 2017 and researched the cause and mechanisms of glacier changes using temperature and precipitation data. The results showed that: ① In total, there were 1 769 glaciers covering an area of 976.59 km2 and having ice volume of 49.82 km3 in the Hexi interior in 2016/2017. The glaciers in 0.1~10 km2 interval contained the largest area and that <0.5 km2 interval had the maximum number. The glaciers in the study area were mainly distributed in the Qilian Mountains, where the glacier number, area and ice volume accounted for 98.47%, 97.52% and 97.53%, respectively. ② The Shule River contained the most of the glaciers number, area and ice volume, with average glacier area of 0.81 km2. However, in the Shiyang River it was the minimum. In the fourth class watersheds, the most developmental glacier in the Ningzhang basin included most of the glaciers number, area and ice volume, and the maximum average glacier area was in the Zalmoho basin. To the contrary, Jiadaogou-Panjia River had the minimum average glacier area (0.05 km2). ③ In the past 60 years, the area, number and volume of glaciers had decreased by 417.85 km2, 556 and 20.16 km3, respectively. The majority of glacier area loss in the Hexi interior had been mainly concentrated in between 4 400~5 400 m a.s.l. and the area and number of glaciers in the 0.1~0.5 km2 interval constituted the main body of the loss (457 glaciers and -117.49 km2). Within the study region, glaciers with the north orientation suffered the largest area loss, while those with the northwest orientation had the fast change in glacier area. ④ During the period from 1956 to 2017, the glacier area of different drainage basins had a tendency of retreat in the Hexi interior and the glacier change was gradually accelerated from west to east. However, there were three glaciers had clearly advanced during 1986 - 2017. The main reason for glacier retreat in this region was temperature rising.

Key words: glacier change, glacier inventory, climate change, Hexi interior

中图分类号: 

  • P343.6