冰川冻土 ›› 2019, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (6): 1313-1325.doi: 10.7522/j.issn.1000-0240.2019.0017
高永鹏1(), 姚晓军1(
), 刘时银2,3, 祁苗苗1, 段红玉1, 刘娟1, 张大弘1
收稿日期:
2018-08-27
修回日期:
2019-04-16
出版日期:
2019-12-25
发布日期:
2019-03-16
通讯作者:
姚晓军
E-mail:gaoyongpeng_geogis@163.com;xj_yao@nwnu.edu.cn
作者简介:
高永鹏(1990—), 男, 甘肃泾川人, 2016年在西北师范大学获学士学位, 现为西北师范大学在读硕士研究生, 从事3S技术应用与冰川变化研究. E-mail:gaoyongpeng_geogis@163.com
基金资助:
Yongpeng GAO1(), Xiaojun YAO1(
), Shiyin LIU2,3, Miaomiao QI1, Hongyu DUAN1, Juan LIU1, Dahong ZHANG1
Received:
2018-08-27
Revised:
2019-04-16
Online:
2019-12-25
Published:
2019-03-16
Contact:
Xiaojun YAO
E-mail:gaoyongpeng_geogis@163.com;xj_yao@nwnu.edu.cn
摘要:
基于修订后的河西内流区第一、 第二次冰川编目数据及2016—2017年Landsat OLI遥感影像, 对河西内流区1956—2017年冰川时空变化特征进行分析。结果表明: ①河西内流区现有冰川1 769条, 面积976.59 km2, 冰储量约49.82 km3。冰川面积以介于0.1 ~ 10 km2的冰川为主, 数量以<0.5 km2的冰川为主。祁连山是该区域冰川集中分布区, 其冰川数量、 面积和冰储量分别占该区域冰川相应总量的98.47%、 97.52%和97.53%。②疏勒河流域(5Y44)冰川数量、 面积及冰储量最多(最大), 冰川平均面积为0.81 km2, 石羊河流域(5Y41)最少(最小)。从四级流域来看, 宁掌等流域(5Y445)冰川最为发育, 冰川数量、 面积及储量均最大, 宰尔莫合流域(5Y446)冰川平均面积最大(1.80 km2), 夹道沟-潘家河流域(5Y422)最小, 仅有0.05 km2。③近60年河西内流区冰川数量减少556条, 面积减少417.85 km2, 冰储量损失20.16 km3。面积介于0.1 ~ 0.5 km2之间的冰川数量与面积减少最多(457条和 -117.49 km2), 海拔4 400 ~ 5 400 m区间是冰川面积集中退缩的区域(98.55%), 北朝向冰川面积减少最多(-219.92 km2)且冰川退缩速率最快(-3.61 km2·a-1)。④1956—2017年河西内流区各流域冰川面积均呈退缩态势, 区内冰川变化呈自西向东逐渐加快的趋势, 但有3条冰川在1986—2017年出现不同程度的前进, 气温升高是该区域冰川退缩的主要原因。
中图分类号:
高永鹏, 姚晓军, 刘时银, 祁苗苗, 段红玉, 刘娟, 张大弘. 1956—2017年河西内流区冰川资源时空变化特征[J]. 冰川冻土, 2019, 41(6): 1313-1325.
Yongpeng GAO, Xiaojun YAO, Shiyin LIU, Miaomiao QI, Hongyu DUAN, Juan LIU, Dahong ZHANG. Spatial-temporal variation of glacier resources in the Hexi interior from 1956 to 2017[J]. Journal of Glaciology and Geocryology, 2019, 41(6): 1313-1325.
表4
河西内流区各省市(自治州)冰川资源统计"
省 | 市(自治州) | 冰川数量 | 冰川面积 | 冰储量 | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
/条 | /% | /km2 | /% | /km3 | /% | ||
甘肃 | 张掖 | 605 | 34.20 | 220.86 | 22.62 | 8.82 | 17.71 |
酒泉 | 462 | 26.12 | 291.74 | 29.87 | 15.02 | 30.16 | |
武威 | 34 | 1.92 | 4.33 | 0.44 | 0.10 | 0.21 | |
合计 | 1 101 | 62.23 | 516.93 | 52.94 | 23.94 | 48.10 | |
青海 | 海西 | 422 | 23.86 | 400.39 | 40.99 | 23.88 | 47.95 |
海北 | 246 | 13.91 | 59.27 | 6.07 | 1.98 | 3.95 | |
合计 | 668 | 37.77 | 459.66 | 47.06 | 25.86 | 51.90 | |
总计 | 1 769 | 100.00 | 976.59 | 100.00 | 49.82 | 100.00 |
表6
河西内流区典型山地冰川变化"
研究区域 | 面积变化/km2 | 面积变化率/% | 退缩速率/(%·a-1) | 数据源 | 研究时段 | 来源 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
疏勒南山 | -55.00 | -12.80 | -0.36 | 地形图、 ETM+ | 1970 - 2006年 | 张华伟[ |
大雪山 | -26.01 | -16.03 | -0.30 | 地形图、 TM、 ASTER、 SPOT5 | 1957 - 2010年 | 于国斌等[ |
党河南山 | -31.19 | -18.32 | -0.42 | 地形图、 TM、 ASTER、 SPOT5 | 1966 - 2010年 | 于国斌等[ |
北大河流域 | -33.52 | -15.42 | -0.36 | 地形图、 ASTER | 1956 - 2003年 | 颜东海等[ |
黑河流域 | -130.51 | -36.08 | -0.60 | TM、 ETM+ | 1960 - 2010年 | 怀保娟等[ |
黑河流域 | -138.90 | -35.60 | -0.89 | 地形图、 TM | 1960 - 2010年 | 别强等[ |
老虎沟流域 | -6.29 | -11.59 | -0.24 | 地形图、 TM、 RTK实测资料 | 1957 - 2009年 | 张明杰等[ |
祁连山中段 | -86.39 | -21.70 | -0.52 | 地形图、 ASTER、 实测资料 | 1956 - 2003年 | 陈辉等[ |
祁连山冷龙岭 | -24.29 | -23.57 | -0.67 | 地形图、 ETM+ | 1972 - 2007年 | 张华伟等[ |
祁连山野牛沟 | -16.22 | -25.71 | -0.54 | 地形图、 ASTER | 1956 - 2003年 | 阳勇等[ |
祁连山西段 | -124.2 | -10.30 | -0.29 | 航片、 ETM+ | 1956 - 1990年 | 刘时银等[ |
河西内流区 | -417.85 | -29.97 | -0.58 | 航片、 地形图、 TM、 OLI | 1956 - 2017年 | 本研究 |
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