1993-2016年喀喇昆仑山什约克流域冰川变化遥感监测

doi:10.7522/j.issn.1000-0240.2018.1088

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 基于1993、2000、2016年的多景Landsat TM/ETM+/OLI影像，通过目视解译法提取冰川边界，从规模、朝向、高程带和前进冰川等多个方面分析了近20年来喀喇昆仑山什约克流域冰川面积变化特征。结果表明：近20年来研究区冰川呈微弱退缩态势，年均退缩率仅为0.05%±0.20%，其中1993-2000年退缩速率为（0.03%±0.64%）·a^-1，2000-2016年退缩速率为（0.06%±0.27%）·a^-1。1993-2016年什约克流域291条冰川的末端发生了前进现象，在一定程度上减小了冰川总面积退缩的幅度。此外，近20年来研究区冰川前进现象呈减弱态势。近35年来什约克流域气温显著上升，降水量亦呈增加趋势，气温的显著上升是冰川退缩的主要原因，而降水量的增加则是冰川退缩速率相对较低的主要原因。

关键词: 冰川, 喀喇昆仑山, 什约克流域, 遥感, 目视解译

Abstract: Based on Landsat TM/ETM+/OLI images of 1993,2000 and 2016,glacier boundaries were extracted by visual interpretation method. The changing characteristics of glacierized area in Shyok basin of the Karakoram Mountains from 1993 to 2016 were analyzed from the aspects of the total area and different scales,different aspects,different elevation zones,and glacier advance. The results showed that in the past 20 years,the glaciers in Shyok basin have been slight retreating,with the average annual retreat ratio only 0.05% ±0.20%. The retreat rate in 1993-2000 was(0.03%±0.64%)·a^-1,and in 2000-2016 it was(0.06%±0.27%)·a^-1. There were 291 glaciers had clearly advanced during 1993-2016,which had reduced the total area due to glacier retreating to a certain extent. In addition,glacier advance in Shyok basin has weakened in the past 20 years. In the past 35 years,temperature in Shyok basin has increased significantly,and precipitation has also shown an increasing trend. The significant rise in temperature is the main reason for the retreat of glaciers. The increase in precipitation is the reason for the relatively low rate of glacial retreat.

Key words: glacier, Karakoram Mountains, Shyok basin, remote sensing, visual interpretation

中图分类号:

P343.6

李志杰, 王宁练, 陈安安, 刘凯. 1993-2016年喀喇昆仑山什约克流域冰川变化遥感监测[J]. 冰川冻土, 2019, 41(4): 770-782.

LI Zhijie, WANG Ninglian, CHEN An'an, LIU Kai. Remote sensing monitoring of glacier changes in Shyok basin of the Karakoram Mountains,1993-2016[J]. Journal of Glaciology and Geocryology, 2019, 41(4): 770-782.

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