1960-2013年艾比湖绿洲湿地潜在蒸散量及地表湿润度变化特征分析

doi:10.7522/j.issn.1000-0240.2019.0116

冰川冻土 ›› 2019, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (4): 937-944.doi: 10.7522/j.issn.1000-0240.2019.0116

1960-2013年艾比湖绿洲湿地潜在蒸散量及地表湿润度变化特征分析

张钧泳^1,2, 丁建丽^1,2, 谭娇^1,2, 陈文倩^1,2, 武鹏飞³

1. 新疆大学资源与环境科学学院, 新疆乌鲁木齐 830046;
2. 绿洲生态教育部重点实验室, 新疆乌鲁木齐 830046;
3. 新疆乌鲁木齐气象卫星地面站, 新疆乌鲁木齐 830011

收稿日期:2017-09-23 修回日期:2018-12-29 出版日期:2019-08-25 发布日期:2019-11-28
通讯作者: 丁建丽,E-mail:watarid@xju.edu.cn. E-mail:watarid@xju.edu.cn
作者简介:张钧泳(1988-),男,山东临沂人,2016年在新疆大学获硕士学位,现为新疆大学在读博士研究生,从事干旱区资源环境及遥感应用研究工作.E-mail:Junyong_Zh@163.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金（41771470；U1303381；41261090）；新疆自治区科技支疆项目（201591101）；新疆自治区重点实验室专项基金（2016D03001；2014KL005）；教育部促进与美大地区科研合作与高层次人才培养项目；新疆大学博士生科技创新项目（XJUBSCX-2016015）资助

Analysis on the variation characteristics of potential evapotranspiration and surface moisture in the Ebinur Lake Oasis Wetland from 1960 to 2013

ZHANG Junyong^1,2, DING Jianli^1,2, TAN Jiao^1,2, CHEN Wenqian^1,2, WU Pengfei³

1. College of Resources And Environmental Sciences, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China;
2. Key Laboratory of Oasis Ecology of Ministry of Education, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China;
3. Urumqi Meteorological Satellite Ground Station, Urumqi 830011, China

Received:2017-09-23 Revised:2018-12-29 Online:2019-08-25 Published:2019-11-28

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 基于阿拉山口、精河、博乐、温泉4个气象站点1960-2013年地面观测气象数据，采用Penman-Monteith公式、Mann-Kendall检验、小波分析、主成分相关分析等方法分析艾比湖绿洲湿地年及季节潜在蒸散量及地表湿润度的特征变化及定量化成因，以期为艾比湖绿洲湿地区域的水资源科学配置提供科学依据。结果表明：（1）1960-2013年，艾比湖绿洲湿地年平均潜在蒸散量为1 063.52mm，夏季值最大为552.3 mm，冬季最小为25.3 mm，年平均潜在蒸散量以12.68 mm·（10a）^-1的速率递减，各季节潜在蒸散变化趋势与年变化一致，夏季表现最明显；（2）Mann-Kendall检验表明，年均和春、夏、秋潜在蒸散量显著性突变时间分别是1991年、1994年、1994年和1993年，冬季不存在突变，显著性突变均发生在21世纪90年代，地表湿润度年突变时间为1985年；（3）艾比湖绿洲湿地潜在蒸散量及地表湿润度存在明显的周期变化，主震荡周期分别为29 a和21 a，以多、少交替发生，具有全域性；（4）风速是年及季节潜在蒸散量的主导因素，地表湿润度变化的主导因素是降水量和相对湿度。

关键词: 潜在蒸散量, 地表湿润度, Mann-Kendall趋势检验, 小波分析, 影响因素

Abstract: Based on the monthly meteorological data of Alataw Mountain Pass,Jinghe,Bole and Wenquan station,the quantitative research and temporal characteristics of evapotranspiration and humidity index in Ebinur were calculated by using mathematical statistics of Mann-Kendall test,wavelet analysis,and the key climatic factors of influencing potential evaportranspiration and humidity were obtained by principal component analysis based on the meteorological factors. The results indicate that:(1)the annual mean evapotranspiration of the Ebinur Lake Oasis Wetland was 1 063.52 mm with a rate of -12.68 mm·(10a)^-1 from 1960 to 2013 and the maximum amount of evapotranspiration was 552.3 mm in summer,which had the largest contribution to the annual total evapotranspiration,and the minimum amount of evapotranspiration appeared in winter. The seasonal variation of potential evapotranspiration was consistent with the annual variation,especially in summer. (2)The results of Mann-Kendall test show that mutation of annual evapotranspiration is 1991,and the mutation of seasons respectively appeared in 1993 in spring,1994 in summer and 1993 in autumn,then without mutation in winter. The significant mutations occurred in the 1990s,and the mutation of land surface humidity occurred in 1985. (3)The results show that there were four types of time scales from 1960 to 2013:the main cycle is 29 a,and the cycles occurred more or less alternately with globality. (4)In summary,wind speed was the dominant factor of influencing potential evapotranspiration. The dominant factors that influenced the land surface humidity index were precipitation and relative humidity. Therefore,it is showed that the climate of Ebinur Oasis Wetland was generally getting warm and wet. According to the results,it is beneficial to provide scientific basis for the allocation of water resources in the Ebinur Lake Oasis.

Key words: potential evapotranspiration, land surface moisture, Mann-Kendall trend test, wavelet analysis, determining factor

中图分类号:

P333.1

张钧泳, 丁建丽, 谭娇, 陈文倩, 武鹏飞. 1960-2013年艾比湖绿洲湿地潜在蒸散量及地表湿润度变化特征分析[J]. 冰川冻土, 2019, 41(4): 937-944.

ZHANG Junyong, DING Jianli, TAN Jiao, CHEN Wenqian, WU Pengfei. Analysis on the variation characteristics of potential evapotranspiration and surface moisture in the Ebinur Lake Oasis Wetland from 1960 to 2013[J]. Journal of Glaciology and Geocryology, 2019, 41(4): 937-944.

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1960-2013年艾比湖绿洲湿地潜在蒸散量及地表湿润度变化特征分析

Analysis on the variation characteristics of potential evapotranspiration and surface moisture in the Ebinur Lake Oasis Wetland from 1960 to 2013

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