冰川冻土 ›› 2020, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (3): 865-877.doi: 10.7522/j.issn.1000-0240.2019.1050
张玺彦1,2(), 盛煜1(
), 黄龙1,2, 黄旭斌1,2, 何彬彬1,2
收稿日期:
2019-03-20
修回日期:
2019-07-30
出版日期:
2020-10-31
发布日期:
2020-12-08
通讯作者:
盛煜
E-mail:ZhangXiyan@lzb.ac.cn;sheng@lzb.ac.cn
作者简介:
张玺彦(1990 - ), 女, 山东潍坊人, 2017年在长安大学获硕士学位, 现为中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院在读博士研究生, 从事岩土及寒区工程研究. E-mail: ZhangXiyan@lzb.ac.cn
基金资助:
Xiyan ZHANG1,2(), Yu SHENG1(
), Long HUANG1,2, Xubin HUANG1,2, Binbin HE1,2
Received:
2019-03-20
Revised:
2019-07-30
Online:
2020-10-31
Published:
2020-12-08
Contact:
Yu SHENG
E-mail:ZhangXiyan@lzb.ac.cn;sheng@lzb.ac.cn
摘要:
土体冻胀产生的切向冻胀力是制约寒区基础工程建设和使用年限的主要原因, 同时也是基础设计中的一个重要参数, 深入研究切向冻胀力问题意义重大。通过回顾国内外相关文献, 对切向冻胀力目前的研究现状进行了总结: 从切向冻胀力产生的条件和过程角度出发, 详细描述了切向冻胀力产生发展的机理; 阐述了影响切向冻胀力的因素和切向冻胀力的分布规律; 从试验、 理论两方面入手, 简要总结了切向冻胀力的测试方法和理论计算方法; 简述了目前确定切向冻胀力取值的方法。最后, 对切向冻胀力未来的研究方向提出了展望。
中图分类号:
张玺彦, 盛煜, 黄龙, 黄旭斌, 何彬彬. 切向冻胀力的研究现状及展望[J]. 冰川冻土, 2020, 42(3): 865-877.
Xiyan ZHANG, Yu SHENG, Long HUANG, Xubin HUANG, Binbin HE. Study of the tangential frost heaving force: status and prospects[J]. Journal of Glaciology and Geocryology, 2020, 42(3): 865-877.
表1
切向冻胀力的理论研究"
方法 | 基本假设 | 主要计算公式 | 文献来源 | |
---|---|---|---|---|
经验计算法 | ||||
用温度估算切向冻胀力 | 切向冻胀力随温度幂函数变化 | 式(3) | [ | |
用冻结强度估算切向冻胀力 | 冻结强度近似等于切向冻胀力 | |||
用冻胀率估算切向冻胀力 | 不考虑冻土层的自重压力, 桩侧土体的约束冻胀量曲线为幂函数 | 式(4) | [ | |
用双层地基计算切向冻胀力 | 冻结前是单层的应力分布, 随着土的冻胀, 逐渐过渡到双层的应力状态 | [ | ||
理论计算法 | ||||
以土为研究 对象 | 摩尔-库伦定律 锚杆理论 | 法向冻胀力与切向冻胀力符合摩尔-库伦定律 | 式(7) | [ |
表面冻胀量与冻结层厚度成正比; 冻结深度范围内, 冻土的冻胀位移和冻胀速率随深度线性减小 | [ | |||
叠加原理, Mindli公式 | 土体先发生自由冻胀, 之后由于桩基对冻胀地基的反作用力引起反方向变形, 两种变形的叠加形成了约束冻胀地表 | [ | ||
以桩为研究 对象 | 层状饱和土模型, Muki虚拟桩 | 在冻土层中发生的冻胀应变在土体固结之前作为施加在桩土体系上的初始自由应变来处理; 层状土的总应变场分解成自由冻胀应变和由于桩基础的存在引起的扰动应变 | [ |
表2
多年冻土区单位切向冻胀力值"
指标 | 黏性土 | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
总含水量W/% | W≤WP | WP<W≤WP+7.5 | WP+7.5<W≤WP+17 | W>WP+17 ~ 34 |
切向冻胀力/kPa | 1.5 ~ 3 | 3 ~ 7 | 7 ~ 10 | 10 ~ 30 |
指标 | 砂性土、 砾石土(粒径<0.05 mm的颗粒含量>12%) | |||
饱和度Sr | Sr≤0.5或W≤12 | 0.5<Sr≤0.8或12<W≤21 | Sr>0.8或W>21 | |
切向冻胀力/kPa | 开放系统 | <2 | 2 ~ 10 | 10 ~ 20 |
封闭系统 | <1 | 1 ~ 4 | 4 ~ 7 | |
指标 | 砂砾土(粒径<0.05 mm的颗粒含量<12%) | |||
饱和度Sr | Sr≤0.5或W≤12 | Sr>0.5或W>12 | ||
切向冻胀力/kPa | ≈0 | <4 | ||
水(包括泥浆)冻结成冰时的切向冻胀力/kPa | 15 ~ 20 |
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