西藏阿里地区嘎尼冰川厚度特征及冰储量估算

doi:10.7522/j.issn.1000-0240.2019.0067

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 冰川厚度和冰下地形是冰川学研究中相当宝贵的数据。2018年5月，利用探地雷达（GPR）对西藏阿里地区喀喇昆仑山脉南部的嘎尼冰川进行了冰川厚度测量。基于ArcGIS中的地统计分析模块，运用Kriging插值方法对冰川非测厚区进行插值计算，结合差分GPS数据、遥感影像数据和地形数据，分析了嘎尼冰川横、纵剖面厚度特征，绘制了冰川冰下地形图和冰川厚度分布图，并估算了该冰川冰储量。结果表明：嘎尼冰川冰下地形存在空间差异，东支冰下地形起伏较大，西支相对平缓，冰川作用以下蚀作用为主，冰川面积为4.31 km²，平均厚度51.2 m，最大厚度出现在东支海拔5 970 m处，约为136.6 m，冰储量为0.218 km³。

关键词: 青藏高原, 嘎尼冰川, 探地雷达, 冰川厚度, 冰储量

Abstract: Glacial thickness and subglacial topography are quite valuable data. In May 2018, the pulse EKKO PRO Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) was used to sound the ice thickness of Gani Glacier, which is in the southern Karakoram Mountains in Ngari Prefecture of Tibet. Combined with differential GPS data, remote sensing image data and topographic data, spatial distribution of glacial thickness was calculated by Kriging interpolation method. The thickness characteristics of transverse and longitudinal profiles of GPR lines were analyzed. Subglacial topographic map of the glacier was drawn, together with ice depth distribution, and ice volume was estimated. It was found that subglacial topographic has spatial differences, rugged in the east branch, but relatively gentle in the west branch. Glaciation is mainly characterized by down cutting; the glacierized area is 4.31 km²; the average depth of the glacier is 51.2 m and the maximum ice depth is 136.6 m at 5 970 m a.s.l., which is in the east branch of the glacier; the ice volume is 0.218 km³.

Key words: Tibetan Plateau, Gani Glacier, GPR, ice depth, ice volume

中图分类号:

P343.6

靳胜强, 田立德. 西藏阿里地区嘎尼冰川厚度特征及冰储量估算[J]. 冰川冻土, 2019, 41(3): 516-524.

JIN Shengqiang, TIAN Lide. GPS depth sounding and ice volume estimating in the Gani Glacier in Ngari Prefecture, Tibet[J]. Journal of Glaciology and Geocryology, 2019, 41(3): 516-524.

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