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冰川冻土 ›› 2022, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (4): 1370-1381.doi: 10.7522/j.issn.1000-0240.2022.0123

• 第四纪与行星冰冻圈 • 上一篇    下一篇

西藏昌都玉曲河源区冰川构造的性质、特征与演化

李德文1,2,3(), 马保起1, 田勤俭4, 史嘉骥1, 赵杰1,5   

  1. 1.应急管理部国家自然灾害防治研究院,北京 100085
    2.中国地震局 地壳动力学重点实验室,北京 100085
    3.复合链生自然灾害 动力学应急管理部重点实验室,北京 100085
    4.中国地震灾害防御中心,北京 100029
    5.陕西省地震局,陕西 西安 710068
  • 收稿日期:2022-06-27 修回日期:2022-08-14 出版日期:2022-08-25 发布日期:2022-09-14
  • 作者简介:李德文,研究员,主要从事地貌学、沉积学和第四纪地质学研究. E-mail: lidewen@263.net
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(41471002);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务专项重点项目(ZDJ2019-14)

The nature, characteristics and evolution of glaciotectonics in source area of the Yuqu River, Changdu, Tibet, China

Dewen LI1,2,3(), Baoqi MA1, Qinjian TIAN4, Jiaji SHI1, Jie ZHAO1,5   

  1. 1.National Institute of Natural Hazards,Beijing 100085,China
    2.Key Laboratory of Crustal Dynamics,China Seismological Bureau,Beijing 100085,China
    3.Key Laboratory of Compound and Chained Natural Hazards Dynamics,Ministry of Emergency Management of China,Beijing 100085,China
    4.China Earthquake Disaster Prevention Center,Beijing 100029,China
    5.Seismological Bureau of Shaanxi Province,Xi’an 710068,China
  • Received:2022-06-27 Revised:2022-08-14 Online:2022-08-25 Published:2022-09-14

摘要:

冰川构造是冰川“侵蚀-堆积-变形”三位一体的重要组成部分,比单纯的冰川地貌与沉积记录分布范围更广、保存能力更强,但中低纬地区研究程度较低。本文利用地貌学、运动地层学和释光年代学方法,对西藏东部玉曲河源地区冰川构造进行研究的结果表明,区内存在两期具有不同运动性质和运动方向的冰川构造作用,其性质特征具有显著的时空分异,在时间上主要与冰川规模及其派生的冰川动力条件差异有关,在空间上主要与冰床下伏基岩性质、区域和局部地貌条件以及排水条件的差异有关;根据上覆地层年代资料,推测其形成年代不晚于倒数第二次冰期。综合区域资料认为,约自中更新世晚期以来,河源区先后经历了分别由冰原过程、山谷冰川过程、泛冰过程和河流过程主导的四个阶段。本研究有助于区域较老冰川作用的识别与重建,也可为传统地质构造和冰川构造的甄别,区域变形特征解释和历史重建,以及断层活动性的有效鉴别提供理论与方法上的支持。

关键词: 冰川构造地貌, 冰川构造岩, 丘洼对, 冰川构造作用, 玉曲河源

Abstract:

Glaciotectonism is an important part of the “erosion-deposition-deformation” triad of glaciers. Compared with the simple glacial landform and sedimentary records, glaciotectonics has wider distribution and stronger potential of preservation, but the study degree in the middle and low latitudes is low. Using the methods of geomorphology, kinetic stratigraphy and luminescence chronology, this paper investigates the glaciotectonics in source area of the Yuqu River in eastern Tibet. The results show that there are two periods of glaciotectonics with different dynamic properties and directions in the region, and their characteristics have significant temporal and spatial differences. Temporally, they are mainly related to the differences in glacial scale and derived glacial dynamic conditions, and spatially, they are mainly related to the properties of underlying bedrock, regional and local reliefs and drainage conditions; According to the dating data from the overlying strata and others, it is speculated that the regional glaciotectocs are not later than the penultimate glacial age. According to the comprehensive regional data, since the late Middle Pleistocene, the river source area has experienced four stages dominated by icefiled process, valley glacier process, paraglacial process and alluvial process, respectively. This study is helpful to the identification and reconstruction of older glaciation in the region, and provides theoretical and methodological support for distinction of traditional tections from glaciotectonics, interpretation and historical reconstruction of regional deformation characteristics and effective identification of fault activity.

Key words: glaciotectonic landforms, glaciotectonite, hill-hole pair, glaciotectonism, source area of the Yuqu River

中图分类号: 

  • P343.6