天山乌鲁木齐河源1号冰川融水可培养细菌生理生化特性及其系统发育

doi:10.7522/j.issn.1000-0240.2015.0058

冰川冻土 ›› 2015, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (2): 511-521.doi: 10.7522/j.issn.1000-0240.2015.0058

天山乌鲁木齐河源1号冰川融水可培养细菌生理生化特性及其系统发育

陶玲¹, 顾燕玲¹, 郑晓吉¹, 关波¹, 董娟¹, 倪永清^1,2, 程国栋²

1. 石河子大学食品学院, 新疆石河子 832000;
2. 中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所冻土工程国家重点实验室, 甘肃兰州 730000

收稿日期:2014-10-22 修回日期:2015-03-03 出版日期:2015-04-25 发布日期:2015-06-06
通讯作者: 倪永清, E-mail: niyqlzu@sina.com. E-mail:niyqlzu@sina.com
作者简介:陶玲(1989-), 女, 汉族, 新疆伊犁人, 2012年毕业于石河子大学, 现为在读硕士研究生, 主要从事生物技术与酶工程研究. E-mail: 593163758@qq.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目(40961002; 41140009; 41271268); 中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所冻土工程国家重点实验室开放基金项目(SKLFSE200903); 中国博士后科学基金 (20100339)资助

Cultivable bacteria isolated from the meltwater of the Glacier No.1 at headwater of the Ürümqi River in Tianshan Mountains: Physiological-biochemical characteristics and phylogeny

TAO Ling¹, GU Yanling¹, ZHENG Xiaoji¹, GUAN Bo¹, DONG Juan¹, NI Yongqing^1,2, CHENG Guodong²

1. School of Food Sciences, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832000, Xinjiang, China;
2. Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institution, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China

Received:2014-10-22 Revised:2015-03-03 Online:2015-04-25 Published:2015-06-06

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

对天山乌鲁木齐河源1号冰川末端融水细菌进行分离, 检测了分离菌株的生理生化表型特征, 通过16S rRNA基因序列分析确定分离菌株的系统进化地位. 结果表明:天山乌鲁木齐河源1号冰川融水中分离的36株代表菌株分属于5个系统发育类群、8个属, 其中, Bacteroidetes和γ-Proteobacteria为优势类群, 分别占41.7%和38.9%; 在属水平上, 假单胞菌属(Pseudomonas)菌株占39%. 依据菌株最适生长温度, 36株分离菌株80%以上属于耐冷菌; 产酶实验显示, 大多数菌株同时产蛋白酶和脂肪酶, 仅3株菌不产酶, 6株菌同时产脂肪酶、淀粉酶、蛋白酶. 耐药性试验表明, 36株分离菌株对各种抗生素有不同程度的耐药, 其中, 7株菌对测试的10种抗生素均具有耐药性. 研究结果将有助于了解天山乌鲁木齐河源1号冰川微生物物种多样性、生理多样性, 同时为评估气候变化、人类活动对冰川微生物生理特性潜在的影响提供依据.

关键词: 天山, 乌鲁木齐河源1号冰川, 融水, 系统发育, 低温酶, 耐药性

Abstract:

In this study, it is aimed to characterize the physiological and phylogenetic diversity of bacteria isolated from the meltwater of the Glacier No.1 at headwater of the Ürümqi River in Tianshan Mountains, China. Using culture medium of R2A, 10% and full strength tryptic soy agar, a total of 36 aerobic bacteria strains were isolated from the meltwater of the Glacier No.1. Phenotypic characteristics of the isolated strains were examined, including the tolerance to NaCl, temperature range for growth, enzyme activity and antibiotic resistance. 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis and microscopy indicated that the isolated strains were dominated by Gram-negative bacteria. Based on 16S rRNA gene sequences, it is found that the isolates are members of α, β and γ of Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria and Bacteroides group. The most abundant and diverse isolates are within the Bacteroidetes (41.7%) and γ-Proteobacteria (38.9%). More than one-third of the isolates could be tentatively identified as Pseudomonas spp. According to the temperature range for growth, it is believed that most of the isolates (80%) are psychrotrophic ones. Among 36 isolates, seven are resistant to all antibiotics. In addition, thirty-three isolates have potentially useful cold-active enzymes, including those with proteolytic, amylolytic, lipolytic, and cellulose-hydrolyzing activities. The results will enrich the knowledge of the phylogenetic and physiological diversity of cold-adapted strains in cold environments.

Key words: Tianshan Mountains, Glacier No.1 at headwater of the Ü, rü, mqi River, meltwater, phylogeny, cold-adapted enzyme, drug resistance

中图分类号:

Q938.1

陶玲, 顾燕玲, 郑晓吉, 关波, 董娟, 倪永清, 程国栋. 天山乌鲁木齐河源1号冰川融水可培养细菌生理生化特性及其系统发育[J]. 冰川冻土, 2015, 37(2): 511-521.

TAO Ling, GU Yanling, ZHENG Xiaoji, GUAN Bo, DONG Juan, NI Yongqing, CHENG Guodong. Cultivable bacteria isolated from the meltwater of the Glacier No.1 at headwater of the Ürümqi River in Tianshan Mountains: Physiological-biochemical characteristics and phylogeny[J]. JOURNAL OF GLACIOLOGY AND GEOCRYOLOGY, 2015, 37(2): 511-521.

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天山乌鲁木齐河源1号冰川融水可培养细菌生理生化特性及其系统发育

Cultivable bacteria isolated from the meltwater of the Glacier No.1 at headwater of the Ürümqi River in Tianshan Mountains: Physiological-biochemical characteristics and phylogeny

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