Journal of Glaciology and Geocryology

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Variations in Arctic vortex and their impact on snowfall in Songhua River Basin

FAN Rong, GAO Ling, ZHANG Lijuan, ZHAO Yufeng, WANG Jiaxin, HUANG Yutao, DONG Siyan

Journal of Glaciology and Geocryology, 2025, 47(4): 927-939. DOI: 10.7522/j.issn.1000-0240.2025.0074

Fig. 9 Annual snowfall amounts （a） and temporal distribution of snowfall amounts of different intensity levels （b） in Songhua River Basin from 1961 to 2021

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Fig. 1 Location of Songhua River Basin and distribution of meteorological stations
Table 1 Monthly contours of southern boundary of Northern Hemisphere polar vortex in 500 hPa layer
Table 2 Classification criteria for snowfall amounts
Fig. 2 Distribution of polar vortex area index （a）， anomaly map （b）， and RAPS abrupt change test diagram （c） from 1961 to 2021
Fig. 3 Spatial comparison of polar vortex area between December 1968 （a） and December 2018 （b）
Fig. 4 Distribution of polar vortex intensity index （a）， anomaly map （b）， and RAPS abrupt change test diagram （c） from 1961 to 2021
Fig. 5 Spatial distribution of polar vortex in December 1976 （a） and December 2016 （b）
Fig. 6 Distribution of polar vortex central intensity index （a）， anomaly map （b）， and RAPS abrupt change test diagram （c） from 1961 to 2021
Fig. 7 Distribution of polar vortex central longitude index （a）， anomaly map （b）， and RAPS abrupt change test diagram （c） from 1961 to 2021
Fig. 8 Distribution of polar vortex central latitude index （a）， anomaly map （b）， and RAPS abrupt change test diagram （c） from 1961 to 2021
Fig. 10 Annual number of snowfall days （a） and temporal distribution of number of snowfall days of different intensity levels （b） in Songhua River Basin from 1961 to 2021
Table 3 Significant correlations between snowfall in Songhua River and polar vortex （1961—2021）
Fig. 11 Annual snowfall and polar vortex intensity （a） and annual snowfall amounts and polar vortex central intensity index （b） in Songhua River Basin （1961—2021）
Fig. 12 Temporal distribution of snowfall amounts in Songhua River Basin in January 2022
Fig. 13 Daily circulation charts at 500 hPa for January 2022
Fig. 14 Circulation charts at 500 hPa on December 2—4， 2015
Fig. 15 Circulation chart at 500 hPa on February 21， 2010
Fig. 16 Variations in surface air temperature in Arctic （1980—2021）

模态框（Modal）标题

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