XIE Fu-ming, MAO Wei-yi, ZHANG Jian-gang, GAO Qian-zhao, SHEN Yong-ping, WANG Jin, WANG Shun-de
In 2005,annual virgin flow of 272.1×108m3 from four mountains basins of Aksu,Hotan,Yarkant and Kaidu-Konque Rivers drain into the Tarim Basin,more 47.2×108m3 than average annual streamflow of 224.9×108m3,increasing by 21%,is an abundant hydrological year.The total annual runoff from the four source rivers in 2005 ranked by No.5 in last 49 years series of 1957-2005.The runoffs in Aksu,Hotan,and Yarkant Rivers in 2005 are a wet year,increasing range of 22%～25% by compared to the mean annual runoff,and the Kaidu-Konque River is a normal year in 2005.The annual total virgin flow of Aksu,Hotan and Yarkant Rivers above the Aler gauging station are 236.3×108m3 from the mountains basins,and of the Kaidu-Konque River from Tianshan Mountains 35.81×108m3.The total discharge of the four source rivers into Tarim River is 56.88×108m3 in 2005,which three tributary river systems(Aksu,Hotan and Yarkant) contributes 53.97×108m3 flows to the Tarim River.Most of this water is consumptively used before reaching the confluence,total consumptive water of four source streams sum up 216.6×108m3,occupy up 79.6 %of annual virgin flow from mountains basin.The proportion of consumed water of upper,middle and downstream occupy the whole consumed water of Tarim River mainstream comparing with their own woodland proportion respectively,the proportion of consumed water was more in the upper stream course,was a little in the middle streams course,and was correspond in the lower course.Water quantity has been drastically reduced and water quality has deteriorated dramatically in the lower reaches of the Tarim River which have negatively impacted irrigated agriculture and pasture lands.Based on the comprehensive governance project of the Tarim River at present,we still need a long-term comprehensive plan for the Tarim river basin to the ecosystem building as a fundamental engineering,by the macro-regulation of water resources management,economic and technological means, and to ensure sustainable water resources development and utilization of the Tarim River.
