25 April 2004, Volume 26 Issue 2
    

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  • Discussion on the Tundra in the Tibetan Plateau
    SUN Guang-you
    JOURNAL OF GLACIOLOGY AND GEOCRYOLOGY. 2004, 26(2): 121-128. https://doi.org/10.7522/j.issn.1000-0240.2004.0019
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    There is no scientific research about the tundra in the Tibetan Plateau. In this paper, the synthetic factors for tundra formation in the plateau were analyzed: They are: a)Low temperature mean annual temperature is 0-8℃, the warmest monthly temperature is 0～10℃, and only about 3～4 months have the mean daily temperature {>0℃}; b)Less precipitation—mean annual precipitation is about 50～600 mm; c)Permafrost developing —there is permafrost, deep and continual, in most regions of the plateau; d)Strong freezing-thawing action with prevalent and typical periglacial landforms; e)No forest. These environment factors are very similar to the tundra in Polar Regions. The distribution of tundra soil is very wide in the sources of rivers, and the soil changes into forest steppe soil and prost desert soil in northeast due to humidity change. These soils develop on the base of permafrost, where the freeze-thawing effect is most important dynamics process. The biomes have the features suitable the cold habitats, although their seeds are not the same with the polar. Therefore it is considered that the plateau belongs to a tundra region in the middle latitude continent.Based on the inside difference of environment, the tundra of the plateau was classified into two types: alpine tundra and mountain-plateau tundra. The alpine tundra is only near the top of the mountains and the mountain-plateau tundra has large area on the plateau. The main types of mountain-plateau tundra are wetland tundra, meadow tundra, steppe tundra and desert tundra. It is important to study the tundra in the Tibetan Plateau. First, the plateau, as the Third Polar of the Earth, will fully display the polar features, because the tundra is a base feature in Polar Regions. Second, the vertical zonal law will fully display in the middle latitudes. Third, the tundra diversity will be fully displayed. Furthermore, it is possible to unite the unique environment of the plateau with the general zonal law of the global, favorable to study the unique law of the plateau.The tundra in high latitude polar is a display following the horizontal zone law of natural landscape and the tundra in the plateau is a display following the vertical zone law. Thus, they have different features, with identical essence, forming the diversity of the world tundra. On the earth, all the high mountains and high plateaus, no matter what climate zone they are located in, can form tundra if their altitudes are higher than the forest line and into the permafrost zone. There is no regular tundra line.
  • Net Accumulation Rate of the East Rongbuk Glacierand Indian Summer Monsoon Rainfall
    ZHANG Dong-qi, QIN Da-he, HOU Shu-gui, KANG Shi-chang, REN Jia-wen
    JOURNAL OF GLACIOLOGY AND GEOCRYOLOGY. 2004, 26(2): 129-134. https://doi.org/10.7522/j.issn.1000-0240.2004.0020
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    The precipitation in the accumulation zone of the East Rongbuk Glacier on the east slope of the Mount Qomolangma is mostly brought on by Indian summer monsoon. It is found that there is a coincidence in period between the net accumulation rate derived from the East Rongbuk ice core and the summer monsoon rainfall of North Central India and East Peninsular India, together with a fine correlation between them. Thus, the series of Indian summer monsoon rainfall of the regions mentioned above could be extrapolated from the net accumulation rate of the East Rongbuk Glacier. Variation of the net accumulation rate of the East Rongbuk Glacier is appreciably earlier than that of the Indian summer monsoon rainfall, and the changing magnitude of the former is larger than that of the later, which means sensitivity of precipitation increase with elevation.
  • A Primary Study on Ionic Concentrations in Snow Pitsin the Hinterland of East Antarctica
    REN Jia-wen, SUN Jun-ying, QIN Da-he, XIAO Cun-de
    JOURNAL OF GLACIOLOGY AND GEOCRYOLOGY. 2004, 26(2): 135-141. https://doi.org/10.7522/j.issn.1000-0240.2004.0021
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    During an inland traverse expedition along the route from Zhongshan Station to Dome A in East Antarctica in 19981999, three snow-pits with a depth range of 2.1 to 3.3 m were dug and sampled continuously at the sites 800～1100 km away from the coast and between 2850 m and 3760 m a.s.l. The samples have been analyzed for stable oxygen isotope and major ions. Since seasonal change in δ18 is not clear, the initial dating was made through comparison of concentration profiles of major ions and then adjusted according to visible stratigraphy. Average concentrations of most ions in the snow-pits are close to those at other sites in East Antarctic Plateau, but NH4+ and NO3- are quite different. In the central part of the plateau, a large part of NO3- is lost by re-emission back to atmosphere after deposited so that its concentration is very low on an average in all depths but extremely high at surface. Ionic concentrations have an increase trend with depth at lower altitudes but it is opposite at 3760 m a.s.l., perhaps, hinting a regional difference in change of the snow accumulation, i.e. the accumulation rate has decreased near the plateau top and increased in the lower altitudes in the past two decades. In all the snow-pits, concentration profiles of Na+ and Cl- have a very good positive correlation. The ratio of Cl- to Na+ is 1.24～1.61 in μeq·L-1, a little higher than that in seawater(1.17), implying that Cl- has multiple origins, although its major part is from sea salts. Profiles of nssSO42- in the pits have quite different features and so it is questionable if them could be used to identify volcanic eruptions.
  • A Case Study of Sea Ice Distributions between MiddleWeddell Sea to Prydz Bay, Antarctic 2003
    TANG Shu-lin, LI Zhi-jun, KANG Jianc-heng, ZHOU Shang-zhe
    JOURNAL OF GLACIOLOGY AND GEOCRYOLOGY. 2004, 26(2): 142-145. https://doi.org/10.7522/j.issn.1000-0240.2004.0022
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    Ship-based sea ice observation data(concentrations, ice thickness, topography and overlying snow cover)were collected from Middle Weddell Sea to Prydz Bay, Antarctic during the period of 4 to 17 Jan 2003. Antarctic ice chart of first week of Jan 2003 was derived from National Ice Center(NIC). The compared analysis of sea ice concentrations and thickness distributions were conducted though in situ data and NIC chart. Results from sea ice concentration-analysis indicated the presence of large-scale open water between 2000 and 4100 km along transit route resulted from sea ice drifting. We describe the existence of mostly smooth first-year sea ice in study region ranged between 30 and 120 cm. We also display the derived overlying snow coverage. Our results reveal the strong correspondence between ship-based observations and remotely sensed ice charts whatever in ice concentrations and ice thickness distributions.
  • Variation of δ~{18}O in Precipitation in the Western Tibetan Plateau
    YU Wu-sheng, YAO Tan-dong, TIAN Li-de, WANG Yu, SUN Wei-zhen
    JOURNAL OF GLACIOLOGY AND GEOCRYOLOGY. 2004, 26(2): 146-152. https://doi.org/10.7522/j.issn.1000-0240.2004.0023
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    In this paper the variation of stable isotope in precipitation is correlated to the meteorological data at Shiquanhe and Gêrzê Stations in the western Tibetan Plateau. It is found that there is a good linear relation between δ18 in precipitation and temperature at Shiquanhe and Gêrzê Stations, especially the relationship of monthly-averaged δ18 and monthly-averaged temperature is more significant. Accordingly, it can be concluded that δ18 in precipitation was controlled by temperature effect in this area. However, in some single year this relation is not very good, even if in the years when δ18 is related with temperature, it was found that δ18 in precipitation decreased abruptly at the end of July or early August. This variation of stable isotope may be affected by the monsoon that brings on the oceanic moisture from the Indian Ocean. The relationship between δ18 in precipitation and temperature at Gêrzê Station is not as good as that one at Shiquanhe Station, which was mainly due to the impact of continental water recycling especially local evaporation.
  • Analysis of the Cause of the Differentia in Interannual Variation BetweenSnow Cover and Seasonal Frozen Soil in the Tibetan Plateau
    GAO Rong, WEI Zhi-gang, DONG Wen-jie
    JOURNAL OF GLACIOLOGY AND GEOCRYOLOGY. 2004, 26(2): 153-159. https://doi.org/10.7522/j.issn.1000-0240.2004.0024
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    In this paper the cause of the differentia in interannual variation between snow cover and seasonal frozen soil in the Tibetan Plateau is analyzed by using conventional meteorological observations in 72 stations, including daily snow depth, frozen soil depth, air temperature, precipitation and ground surface temperature. It is found that the changes of air temperature and ground surface temperature mostly affect snow cover and seasonal frozen soil, with a very good negative correlation between snow cover, as well as seasonal frozen soil, and air temperature, as well as ground surface temperature. Almost all the maximum/minimum depths of snow cover and seasonal frozen soil are corresponding to the minimum/maximum temperatures of air and ground surface. Precipitation also affects snow cover, but less influence seasonal frozen soil. Mostly, abnormal precipitation corresponds to abnormal snow cover, but abnormal precipitation hardly corresponds to abnormal seasonal frozen soil. The difference in impact factors may be the important cause of the differentia in interannual variation between snow cover and seasonal frozen soil. Snow cover has a great influence on seasonal frozen soil. When snow cover reaches to a certain depth, its heat preservation may affect the depth change of seasonal frozen soil. The thicker the snow cover is, the stronger the heat preservation is. The shallower the snow cover is, the weaker the heat preservation is. When snow cover is less than a certain depth, no heat preservation can be seen. The heat preservation of snow cover may be another important cause for the differentia of interannual variation between snow cover and seasonal frozen soil.
  • Snow Classification and Monitoring Models in the PastoralAreas of the Northern Xinjiang
    LIANG Tian-gang, WU Cai-xia, CHEN Quan-gong, XU Zong-bao
    JOURNAL OF GLACIOLOGY AND GEOCRYOLOGY. 2004, 26(2): 160-165. https://doi.org/10.7522/j.issn.1000-0240.2004.0025
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    Establishing snow depth monitoring models using NOAA/AVHRR data received in the sunshiny weather condition, and dynamically monitoring the spatial distribution of snow on large scale during disaster taking place, have an important significance for comprehensively estimating and preventing the disaster caused by snow in pastoral areas. In this paper, four NOAA satellite digital images under sunshiny condition during two snow disasters from 1996 to 1997 and corresponding ground observation in 20 climate stations in the North of Xinjiang are used to study the approaches of identifying snow and clouds, and cutting off the image blocks with cloud. Meanwhile, a new method, coupled with geographic information system technology, is put forward to solve the problem of absent data for the image blocks with cloud. Using linear mixture spectrum disassembling method, the snow coverage rate and snow spatial classification are studied, and the remotely sensed monitoring models are simulated in the North of Xinjiang. Results indicated that: 1)The image cells covered by cloud may be identified and cut off from NOAA images of channels 1 and 2, and the spectral data of the cells covered by cloud can be restored using the image difference between channels 3 and 4 and GIS technology. Accordingly, the snow and cloud in the visible and near-infrared images can be identified. 2)The snow coverage rate based on image cells can be calculated by linear mixture spectrum disassembling method to improve the precision in snow classification. 3)Snow depth can be simulated by use of NOAA satellite data of channels 1 and 2. The study results will provide scientific basis for the construction of dynamically monitoring and analyzing, as well as integrated evaluating the condition of snow disaster in the pastoral areas.
  • Climate and Environment Changes Inferred from Pollen Records since 4000 a BP in the Headwaters of the Ürüqi River, Tianshan
    JU Yuan-jiang, LIU Geng-nian
    JOURNAL OF GLACIOLOGY AND GEOCRYOLOGY. 2004, 26(2): 166-170. https://doi.org/10.7522/j.issn.1000-0240.2004.0026
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    Based on a synthetic study on a thermokarst section from Glacier NO.1 to meteorological station at the headwaters of the ürümqi River, the characteristics of paleoclimate evolution since 4 000 a BP were reconstructed. Since then, the headwaters has experienced alternations of relative warm-dry and cold-moisture: It was warm-dry during 4 000～3 630 a BP; It was cool-moisture during 3 630～2 270 a BP, with a tendency of drought at the later stage; It appeared to be warm-dry during 2 270～2 100 a BP; during 2 100～1 310 a BP there was a shifting period from warm-dry to warm-moisture; during 1 310 a BP ～1 100 a BP it was warm-dry; During 1 100 a BP to present, it was cold-moisture. It is also discovered that the climate evolution is affected by westerly current as follows: warm and drought together come forth; coldness and moisture appear at the same time. There are some layers in the section implying a warm-moisture climate, indicating powerful East Asia monsoon having gone deep into the headwaters of the river.
  • Thermodynamic Model of the Ground Surface and EmbankmentSurface along the Qinghai-Tibet Railway(Ⅱ):Results in the Cloud-Free Condition
    WANG Ke-li, CHENG Guo-dong, JIANG Hao, MA Yao-ming, HU Ze-yong
    JOURNAL OF GLACIOLOGY AND GEOCRYOLOGY. 2004, 26(2): 171-176. https://doi.org/10.7522/j.issn.1000-0240.2004.0027
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    Variations of frozen soil layer have direct relation with the energy exchange between the ground and atmosphere. The energy exchange contains three basic physical processes: radiation, convection and heat conduction. In this paper, a thermodynamics model of ground surface and embankment surface(RSTM)along the Qinghai-Tibet Railway constituted on the above physical processes is used, with observation from Amdo Station as the model input, aiming at the slope surface temperature changes and temperature differences between two slope surfaces on both sides of an embankment, which relate to the direction and gradient of the slope surface, to simulate the characteristics of the surface temperature of the embankment changing with direction and gradient of the slope under cloud-free condition. The results show that, for the embankment built on the spot in Amdo, the embankment top temperature is always higher than the air temperature and has a obvious high value in summer, despite a cooling effect on the slopes in any direction and gradients; In winter, although embankment top temperature is lower than 0℃, a strong heating effect on the southward slope causes the surface temperature increasing over the critical state of thawing frozen-in soil, and the opposite heating effect on different sides of the embankment via changing the freezing and thawing course can cause lengthways fissure on the embankment. Therefore, effective safety measure is necessary for the frozen soil embankment. A test by observation data shows that the RSTM has a good simulating performance and an important significance for forecasting the embankment heating status of the Qinghai-Tibet Railway.
  • Modeling and Monitoring the Tran-Induced Vibration in Permafrost in Reshui Coal Mining, Qinghai
    LIU Jian-kun, LIU Feng-xi, FANG Jian-hong
    JOURNAL OF GLACIOLOGY AND GEOCRYOLOGY. 2004, 26(2): 177-181. https://doi.org/10.7522/j.issn.1000-0240.2004.0028
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    Reshui Coal Mining locates on the southern slope of the Qilian mountain, Qinghai Province, and the ground is a permafrost region. A special railway were built on the region for coal transportion. The propagation properties of vibrations induced by running train in permafrost regions were studied. A field monitoring was carried out and a numerical analytical model of train-track-ground system was established. The experimental and theoretical results are discussed and analyzed in this paper. The study of tran-induced vibration will be help for the Qinghai-Tibetan Railway building.
  • Culturing and Counting the Microbial Cells in Permafrost on the Tibetan Plateau
    FENG Hu-yuan, MA Xiao-jun, ZHANG Gao-sen, BAI Yu, FEI Guan-qing, CHENG Guo-dong, AN Li-zhe, LIU Guang-xiu
    JOURNAL OF GLACIOLOGY AND GEOCRYOLOGY. 2004, 26(2): 182-187. https://doi.org/10.7522/j.issn.1000-0240.2004.0029
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    Permafrost is one of extreme environments, which limits the life while maintains a long-term stability in temperature, water, nutrients and gas, so it is a better medium for studying the life in the extreme environment. The Tibetan plateau possesses the most of high-altitude permafrost in the world, with higher temperature and less depth as compared with that in arctic and Siberia. It is viewed as a "magnifier" or "accelerator" of global climate change, so it is important to study the microbiological ecology, diversity and physiology in permafrost regions. Two cores, about 6 min depth, were drilled in the Beilu River basin within the hinterlands of the Tibetan Plateau. The surface parts of the extracted cores were immediately trimmed off with a sterile knife, and core sections were placed in pre-sterilized aluminum tins, sealed and kept frozen during storage and transport. The samples were kept at-18℃ before experiment. More than 40 sections were obtained along the core length at a regular interval. Culturable microorganisms in the soils of different depths were cultured with PYGV agar media at 4℃ and 20℃. Accordingly, the total microbial number in soils was counted after staining fluorescence material, DAPI(4′, 6-diamidino-2-phenylindole). At the same time, pH value, electro-conductance rate, total organic carbon and total nitrogen in different soils were analyzed with regular methods. Generally, the soils show alkaline property(pH 8.0～9.2), low organic carbon(between 0.2%～1.3 %), low total nitrogen content(0.007%～0.11%)and high electron-conductance rate. It is found that there are 3.6×106～5.0×102(cfu/g dw)viable microbial communities in the plateau. The number of colony forming unit is greater in the active layer than in the stable layer, and gradually decreases with depth. The total number of microorganisms shows the same trend as the viable microbes, ranging from 3.8×10~9 to 1.0×107 cell(g dw)-1. Statistically analysis indicates no significant relationship between soil physical-chemical properties and microorganisms in soils, except an obviously negative relationship between the number of microorganisms and the permafrost depth. There is no significant difference between the two cores. It is necessary to further study the illustration of the species diversity, ecology of these viable microorganisms and the relationship with permafrost environment.
  • Progress and Significance of Studies on Microorganisms in Permafrost Sediments
    LIU Guang-xiu, MA Xiao-jun, CHEN Tuo, AN Li-zhe, WANG Xun-ling
    JOURNAL OF GLACIOLOGY AND GEOCRYOLOGY. 2004, 26(2): 188-191. https://doi.org/10.7522/j.issn.1000-0240.2004.0030
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    Numerous and various ecological and morphological groups of viable microorganisms were found in permafrost sediments,and existed for several thousand even several millions of years. They could be used in palaeoenvironmental reconstructions.The studies on microbes in permafrost will make a new way to understanding the diversity, evolution of microbes, research of exobiology, global change of environment and even origin of life.
  • Hydrological Prediction in Ungauged Basins
    TAN Ge, XIA Jun, LI Xin
    JOURNAL OF GLACIOLOGY AND GEOCRYOLOGY. 2004, 26(2): 192-196. https://doi.org/10.7522/j.issn.1000-0240.2004.0031
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    PUB(Prediction in Ungaged Basins)is one of recent focus of water resources management research. In the biggest developing country of the world, Chinese hydrologists have to face this difficult condition: Many basins in China are ungauged, at least are imperfect gauged. In this paper major achievements of Chinese researches on PUB are summarized, and some unit hydrograph and inferential formulae in different areas are given first. It is pointed out that modern hydrology should fully use new systematic theory and method, rely on computer technology and remote sensing means, and look for a new outlet in the direction of numerical simulation for PUB. The article proposes that the research should base on data-abundant basin to build mathematic model and then explore the model to ungauged basins. To identify the suitability and precision of a hydrology model, some measured data should be concealed randomly or intentionally to check the precision of the model. At last, some new theories and techniques used for simulating the ungauged basins are appraised, such as distribution hydrological model, remote sense, and four-dimensional data assimilation system. And some thoughts on hydrological study in the ungauged basins are put forward.
  • A Study of the Flood Forecast of the Manas River, Xinjiang
    HE Xin-lin, LIU Dong-xu, GUO Sheng-lian, LIU Hua-mei, SHENG Dong
    JOURNAL OF GLACIOLOGY AND GEOCRYOLOGY. 2004, 26(2): 197-201. https://doi.org/10.7522/j.issn.1000-0240.2004.0032
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    The Manas River, an internal river in arid district, rises in the high and cold mountains. There is a Kenswatt hydrometric station only. Because of lack of hydrological and meteorological data, it is very difficult to use determinacy model to do the hydrologic forecast. Therefore, it is necessary to set up a forecasting model with simple structure and fully utilize available hydrological and meteorological data. The model considers not only surface flow change but also temperature and rainfall factors that impact on surface flow randomly. The model is based on fully considering the characteristics of a snowmelt river, turning ARMA(p, q)generally into ARMA(p, 1)and using minimum information criteria(AIC)to determine the best steps(p)of the model. Applying the least square method of revised variable forgetting factor to identify the time-variation parameters and carry on the dynamic revision of parameters. Through applying to the Manas River, it is indicated that the model has a higher precision of forecasting. Its determinacy coefficient is greater than 0.90, its relative error of total runoff is less than 7%, and its relative error of discharge at flood peak is less than 10%. The time difference of peak appearance is less than 2.
  • March to June Runoff of Heihe River since 1 770 Reconstructed from Tree-Ring Data
    WANG Ya-jun, CHEN Fa-hu, GOU Xiao-hua
    JOURNAL OF GLACIOLOGY AND GEOCRYOLOGY. 2004, 26(2): 202-206. https://doi.org/10.7522/j.issn.1000-0240.2004.0033
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    In this paper, the relationship between tree-ring of Picea Crassifolia in the middle section of the Qilian Mountains and runoff of the Heihe River is studied. Tree-ring width correlates most significantly to March to June runoff.Using well-replicated tree-ring data from Picea crassifolia in the Qilian Mountains, March to June runoff of the Heihe River has been reconstructed for the period from 1770 to 1995.Cross-verification testing of the reconstruction passes significance tests. Sign tests of the reconstructed series and the observed series are made, and product mean and error reduction are calculated, which prove that the reconstruction is reliable.The reconstructed March to June runoff shows that the Heihe River has experienced obvious high and low water periods, mainly in a high water state, since 1770. Now, it is in a low water period and seems to be lower and lower. Moreover, the low water periods are well corresponding to the recorded drought disasters periods. Periods of 24 and 3 a have been seen in the reconstructed runoff series since 1770.
  • The Spatial Heterogeneity of Soil Moisture inArtificial Haloxylon ammodendron
    HE Zhi-bin, ZHAO Wen-zhi
    JOURNAL OF GLACIOLOGY AND GEOCRYOLOGY. 2004, 26(2): 207-211. https://doi.org/10.7522/j.issn.1000-0240.2004.0034
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    In this paper geostatistical theory and methods are used to study the degree, composition, scale and pattern of the spatial heterogeneity of soil moisture in artificial Haloxylon ammodendron. The results show that autocorrelated spatial heterogeneity is a main component of the spatial heterogeneity, with the value of C0/(C0+C)varying from 0.04 to 0.12 and the changing scale varying from 1.57 m to 2.97 m. But the layer of 60～80 cm deep is an exception, where C0/(C0+C)=0.5. Soil moisture has significant difference in the different layers, the layer of 10～20 cm deep is superior(2.82)to the other layers(e.g. ranging from 1.30 to 1.67). The variance of soil moisture leads to the density of artificial woodland decrease continually. However, the forest still grows well, reaching an average height of 2.85 m and an average ground diameter of 5.15 cm.
  • Lake-Evaporated Salt Resources and the Environmental Evolution in the Lop Nur Region
    HU Dong-sheng, ZHANG Hua-jing
    JOURNAL OF GLACIOLOGY AND GEOCRYOLOGY. 2004, 26(2): 212-218. https://doi.org/10.7522/j.issn.1000-0240.2004.0035
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    Based on remote sensing data of earth satellite with ground survey and chemical examination etc., the synthetic research confirmed a modern liquid leopoldite deposit in Lop Nur in a large-scale. Systematically analyzing the field boring materials, the lake sedimentary sequences and the matter column of environment from 20 000 a BP are rebuild in this paper. The crystallization line of the saturated flow and the developing trend of the salts formed from water body of ancient lake and modern lake are discussed in accordance with the stable phase graph of the system with five elements: K+, Na+, Mg2+//Cl-, SO2- and H2O and 25℃. The structural system of the neogenic graben due to modern crust movement controls the destructible seat of the leopoldite deposits and the potassium environment.
  • Weathering Crust and Placer Gold in Cold Region of Northeast China
    CHENG Fei, ZHANG Hai-xin, YU You, XU Gui-hua, LIU Xi-xin, QI Chang-mou
    JOURNAL OF GLACIOLOGY AND GEOCRYOLOGY. 2004, 26(2): 219-223. https://doi.org/10.7522/j.issn.1000-0240.2004.0036
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    There are three placer gold enrichment zones in the north of Da Hinggan and Xiao Hinggan ranges. Geological Exploration show that there is no relation between the placer gold deposit and endogenetic minerialization, The placer gold have a close relation with crust of weathering in this area. Low temperature geochemistry in crust of weathering play important role on the formation of placer gold in this area. In the past period, the cold climatecondition is an important for the placer gold, the cold climatecondition have advantage for preserve of the crust of weathering, In the frost condition, the hydrology of cold regionand electrochemical have a advantage for the gold migration and enrichment. The sulphide plays an important role on gold oxidation and reduction.
  • The Data Platform of Resources and Environments in Cold and Arid RegionsBased on Dawning 3000 High-Performance Computing Environments
    ZHANG Yao-nan, CHENG Guo-dong, WEI Wu-zhou, TAN Zhen-hua
    JOURNAL OF GLACIOLOGY AND GEOCRYOLOGY. 2004, 26(2): 224-229. https://doi.org/10.7522/j.issn.1000-0240.2004.0037
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    A mass of characteristic data, application modes, computing programs and data analysis software has been accumulated in the long-term scientific research on resources and environments in cold and arid regions. How to effectively manage these data and integrate them with application programs, and how to provide an easy platform for scientific researchers to use these data and solve their problems with integrated models must be especially considered. In the distributed network environments, some techniques based on the Dawning 3000 high-performance computer have been studied in this paper, such as data collection and management, transplant and integration of application models and programs, data access between computing programs and database. Through testing, it is suggested that the data platform of resources and environments in cold and arid regions based on high-performance computing environments is a valuable method for improving data application and application models of cold and arid regions. The data platform consists of data center, middleware service, integrated application program service and one stop service. According to data grid concept, the general structures, the main functions and the fulfillment ways of the data platform are discussed in detail. The data in the data center, managed by Oracle database, can be divided into relation data, binary data, text data and spatial data. The middleware service, which supplies an access to the interface between data center and application service, is designed with three sections: message-oriented middleware, data access middleware, and transaction processing middleware. The application services are requested by integrated application models, application modes, and application programs such as MM5, SSIB, SME3, and ANSYS %etc%. The presentation, management, request, execution of data and their application are fulfilled thought one-stop service, which were built with three-tier architecture of Brower-Compute Service Agent-Server. The input parameters of the application software are packaged in a browser with Java Applet, and then passed to the middle-tier to form a batch of commands, which starts the application software on the server tier. On the basis of tests, a single prototype of data platform is preliminarily established based on a kind of application modes in the high-performance computing environments, and is able to serve the researchers. The data platform, managed by one-stop service, is supported by the data of the distributed environments for researching the resources and environments in cold and arid regions.
  • Climatic Warming is the Major Reason for GlacierRetreat on Mt. Yulong, China
    JOURNAL OF GLACIOLOGY AND GEOCRYOLOGY. 2004, 26(2): 230-231. https://doi.org/10.7522/j.issn.1000-0240.2004.0038
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  • Analytical Method of Tritium Concentration in Air for Arid Land
    JOURNAL OF GLACIOLOGY AND GEOCRYOLOGY. 2004, 26(2): 232-233. https://doi.org/10.7522/j.issn.1000-0240.2004.0039
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  • An Increasing Glacial Lake Outburst Flood in Yarkant River,Karakorum in Past Ten Years
    JOURNAL OF GLACIOLOGY AND GEOCRYOLOGY. 2004, 26(2): 234-234. https://doi.org/10.7522/j.issn.1000-0240.2004.0040
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