25 November 1998, Volume 20 Issue 4
    

  • Select all
    |
  • BLAN Lin-Gen, Lu Long-Hua, JIA Peng-Qun, ZHAANG Zheng-Kui
    JOURNAL OF GLACIOLOGY AND GEOCRYOLOGY. 1998, 20(4): 293-300. https://doi.org/10.7522/j.issn.1000-0240.1998.0055
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save
    Temporal-spatial characteristics of Antarctic surface air temperature and sea ice variations have been statistically analyzed.Results show that, during the last 30 years there was an obvious warming trend in Antarctica, but there exists substantial difference in different sectors and different period.The most significant warming trend occurred in the Antarctic Peninsula, about 2-3 times greater than that in the whole east Antarctica.In recent 20 years the correlation between Antarctic mean temperature and mean sea ice area is low and insignificant, but its linear trends are found to be opposite related in each sector, that is, sea ice extent reductions when temperatures are high.The different climate sectors defined by cluster analysis clearly show a close relationship between two parameters on the inter-seasonal time scale.The most sensitive correlation sectors found are from south Atlantic to southwest Pacific ocean.
  • CHEN Chun-Ming, E Dong-Chen, QIU Wei-Ning
    JOURNAL OF GLACIOLOGY AND GEOCRYOLOGY. 1998, 20(4): 301-305. https://doi.org/10.7522/j.issn.1000-0240.1998.0056
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save
    In order to study contemporary crustal movement of Antarctic, China has not only constructed the deformation monitoring network in West Antarctic Fildes strait region, but also monitored the network by using DI-20 Geodimeter and GPS instruments, and participated the Antarctic GPS Campaign Observation organized by SCAR as well.During mathematics processing of crustal horizontal deformation observations, a method to bring deformation parameters into the error equations of observations is discussed in this paper.Several classical deformation models, such as rigid body displacement and strain, are introduced in detail.By analyzing the reference datum of statistical geodetic network, a conclusion is drawn that it is unfit to use rank-defected reference datum for the crustal deformation analysis, and another method is developed to set up different additional weight matrix for every different kind of parameter, the classical adjustment and rank-defected adjustment are well unified.Two methods of considering or non-considering the relation between point parameters and deformation parameters are compared, and the former is more appropriate than the latter.A series of programs are developed to implementing the method mentioned above and the analysis of West Antarctic Fileds deformation monitoring network.It is also involved GPS data processing and analysis of deformation results in the paper.The research results indicate that it seems exacting displacement in Fildes rift region, but the displacement is not large, just a little rift shear movement.
  • CHEN Hao-Wen, ZHU Ming-Yuan, HONG Xu-Guang, LU Hua, YUAN Jun-Feng
    JOURNAL OF GLACIOLOGY AND GEOCRYOLOGY. 1998, 20(4): 306-311. https://doi.org/10.7522/j.issn.1000-0240.1998.0057
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save
    The concentrations and distributions of four species of inorganic nutrient salts in surface sea water of Chinese Great Wall Bay and its adjacent sea area, Antarctica were surveyed during austral summers of 1993~1994.The results obtained are as follows:The general concentrations of NH4-N, NO3-N, NO2-N and PO4-P are 2.13, 7.07, 0.74 and 1.12 μg.din-3, respectively.Generally speaking, the concentrations are higher inside the Bay than those outside and the higher values of those inorganic salts often appear in December.The time for the station where their higher and lower concentrations appear are not completely the same.The descending order of the magnitudes of ΣN/P value according to the arrangement monthly is: Dec.Feb.Jan..The variations of water temperature are mostly consist with the concentrations of NH4-N, PO4-P and ΣN/P, but not often with NO2-N.The low concentrations of nutrient salts as shown in some stations may be related with absorption by phytoplankton, perhaps including autotrophic bacteria.The results suggest that the area surveyed has a typical characteristic of an inner shallow water bay, sub-Antarctica.The nutrients needed for phytoplankton are sufficient, and the Bay surveyed is still in a normal condition.
  • CHEN Hao-Wen, XHU Ming-Yuan, HONG Xu-Guang, WU Bao-Ling
    JOURNAL OF GLACIOLOGY AND GEOCRYOLOGY. 1998, 20(4): 312-315. https://doi.org/10.7522/j.issn.1000-0240.1998.0058
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save
    The concentration and distribution of Chlorophyll-a in surface seawater of Chinese Great Wall Bay and its adjacent waters, Antarctica were determined once monthly, altogether three times during an austral summer period from Dec.1993 to Feb.1994.The results obtained show:The concentration of Chl-a is about 1.29 mg/m3, ranging from 0.18-6.75 mg/m3.The concentrations are higher inside the Bay than that outside and in Ardely Bay, This situation is consistent with that respect of the water temperature of surface layer in the area surveyed.However, the time for the occurrences of high and low values of Chl-a concentration are not the same as those for water temperature.The results of analysis correlation between each of the 4 concentrations of nutrient salts and Chl-a show that there is an apparent positive correlation only between (NO2-N) and Chl-a in the sea water surveyed.It is inferred from the results obtained that the distribution and changes of Chl-a in the Bay and its adjacent waters are still interfered with by other ecological factors including activities of the heterotrophic microbes.
  • CHEN Hao-Wen, ZHU Ming-Yuan, YUAN Jun-Feng
    JOURNAL OF GLACIOLOGY AND GEOCRYOLOGY. 1998, 20(4): 316-319. https://doi.org/10.7522/j.issn.1000-0240.1998.0059
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save
    A survey was made of the number of the heterotrophic bacteria in surface seawater of Great Wall Bay and its adjacent waters, Antarctica during the period of austral summers from Dec.1993 to Feb.1994.The result shows that the number of the heterotrophic bacteria in the surface waterof the surveyed area is about 798 CFU·cm-3, ranging from 53 to 4 250 CFU·cm-3.Comparison of thenumbers for three months shows a declining tendency month by month.Comparing with the previous results, this one shows that the heterotrophic bacteria number changes somewhat, but slightly.It is lower than that in nearshore waters but higher than that in the open area.This shows that there is a positive correlative relationship between CFU and NH4- N, which means that heterotrophic bacteria should be an important agent in NH4-N reproduction in the environment surveyed.There is an significant negative correlation both between CFU and NO2-N, and between CFU and PO4-P.This means that the NO2-N, PO4-P, which were decomposed and transformed by bacteria, were used rapidly by phytoplankton.
  • CHEN Hao-Wen
    JOURNAL OF GLACIOLOGY AND GEOCRYOLOGY. 1998, 20(4): 320-325. https://doi.org/10.7522/j.issn.1000-0240.1998.0060
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save
    The outdoor air borne microbial content over Great Wall Station, Antarctica has been monitored, including its diurnal variations and states in fair or foul weather conditions.The results obtained show: the concentration averaged 161.9 CFU·m-3.When the weather condition was fair, its range of variation is 0~1 336.2 CFU·m-3, the average value was 1488.3 CFU·m-3,when the weather was foul, the range of variation was 471.4-4 296.8 CFU·m-3.The average value of air borne microbial number in either fair or foul weather was 383.0 CFU·m-3.This value is over than 21 times that obtained during 1986/1987.The results seem to show that the influence of human activities have been increasing on Antarctic ecosystem.The diurnal variation of the outdoor air borne microbes shows that the peak of content appeared at about 01: 00, and the trough at about 13: 00 in a whole day.Analyses were made of the relationships between the microbial concentration with its related indexes, i.e.relevant air temperature relative humidity or wind force.The results showed some particularities as compared with those from the areas outside Antarctica.
  • GAO Deng-Yi, GAO Yong-Qi, XIONG Kang, Y. Gjessing, T. Lange
    JOURNAL OF GLACIOLOGY AND GEOCRYOLOGY. 1998, 20(4): 326-329. https://doi.org/10.7522/j.issn.1000-0240.1998.0061
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save
    The flux of sensible heat (SH) and momentum (FM), drag coefficient of momentum (Cm), roughness length of momentum (Zom) and Richardson number (Ri) on the icefloe in Arctic(80°10.8’ N, 30°0.5’ E) were calculated by means of the gradient method of turbulent diffusion theory fromthe data of air/ice exchange on the icefloe with different area and different locations on a same ice floe in August, 1991, which were performed by the scientists from Institute of Geophysics, University of Bergen, Norway and Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.The results show that firstly the quantity of icefloes area is associated with the sensible heat flux and the roughness length of momentum, which seems the smaller area of icefloes, the bigger sensible heat flux and roughness length of momentum ; secondly, the location of measuring stations is also in relation to be exchange of air/ice on a same icefloe, which seems the nearer the boundary between sea water and icefloes, the stronger exchange of air/ice.As our measuring period was only one week and two different area icefloes were only selected, the above results can not be the final conclusions.However, while these results can be the final conclusions from longer period data on the more different area icefloes, they should provide some effective parameters for modeling experiment on the air-sea-ice exchange.
  • GUO Zhi-Chang, AHAO Jin-Ping
    JOURNAL OF GLACIOLOGY AND GEOCRYOLOGY. 1998, 20(4): 330-342. https://doi.org/10.7522/j.issn.1000-0240.1998.0062
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save
    A sea ice model which contains Hibler’s (1979, 1980) dynamics and Parkinson & Washington’s (1979) thermodynamics is used to simulate the seasonal cycle of sea ice motion, thickness,compactness and growth rate in the Arctic Ocean under mean annual climatological forcing.Furthermore, it is used to investigate the air-sea heat flux and mean annual heat state over the entire Arctic Ocean.
  • HAN Jian-Kang, XIE Zi-Chu, P. A. Mayewski, M. S. Twickler
    JOURNAL OF GLACIOLOGY AND GEOCRYOLOGY. 1998, 20(4): 343-347. https://doi.org/10.7522/j.issn.1000-0240.1998.0063
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save
    Methanesulphonate was investigated as a potential contributor to the sulphur budget based on the analysis on Antarctic snow/ice from Coffins Ice Cap, King George Island (62°10’ S, 58°50,W).The anion was found to be present at a mean concentration of 0.17 μeq·L-1 with a maximum of 0.73 μeq·L-1.A distinct seasonal variation exists in the top 10 m of the core, equivalent to more than two years of deposition.Dating resulted from δ18O profile suggests that the principal peaks of methanesulphonate are associated with snow deposited in autumn and secondary peaks in spring.The seasonal patterns of methanesulphonate in the subantarctic snow displays a phase difference from that observed in marine air from low and middle latitudes.
  • HOU Shu-Gui, QIN Da-He, LI Zhong-Qin, REN Jia-Wen, HUANG Cui-Lan
    JOURNAL OF GLACIOLOGY AND GEOCRYOLOGY. 1998, 20(4): 348-354. https://doi.org/10.7522/j.issn.1000-0240.1998.0064
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save
    Through the comparison of two ice core chemical records from the No.1 Glacier at the headwaier of Urumqi River, Tian Shan, China the stability of ice core records for the climatic and environmental research was discussed for the first time.
  • HUANG Cui-Lan, LI Zhong-Qin, HOU Shu-Gui, PU jian-Chen
    JOURNAL OF GLACIOLOGY AND GEOCRYOLOGY. 1998, 20(4): 355-357. https://doi.org/10.7522/j.issn.1000-0240.1998.0065
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save
    The ion elution process has a severe effects on the formation of ice core record, which is discussed on the results of ice core record from kangwure Glacier, Xixabangma Peak.
  • HE Jian-Feng, CHEN Bo, WU Kang
    JOURNAL OF GLACIOLOGY AND GEOCRYOLOGY. 1998, 20(4): 358-367. https://doi.org/10.7522/j.issn.1000-0240.1998.0066
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save
    Sea ice growth, characteristics and ice algal biomass were measured at four sites off Zhongshan Station (66°22, 24" S, 76°22, 40" E), East Antarctica in 1992.The ice formed in late March,grew stablely and reached its highest thickness of 174 cm in November and December.The difference between measured ice thickness and the calculated values from the classical Stephen formula are small,suggesting that the heat flux from the ocean to the underside of the ice at this area is not obvious.The results of sea ice analysis show that the sea ice consists mainly of congelation ice, and the frazil ice only occurs at the top of sea ice, no snow or platelet ice is found.When the ice thickness reached its highest values in late spring, congelation ice contained average 89.5% of the total column crystal structure, the remaining 10.5% consisted of frazil ice, and the ice thicknesses above the congelation ice layers were mostly consistent throughout the year, suggesting that the sea ice developed in a relativelycalm environment after the top layer of ice had formed and grew downwards only.Congelation ice fabrics shows frequent moderate to strong alignments at almost all depths, and thedegree of preferred orientation mostly increased with depths.In the sub-structure of congelation ice,the plate width are in a range of 0.55 to 1.05 mm with an average value of 0.76 mm.No apparent pattern occurs in its vertical profiles.Ice crystal composition is one of the major factors influencing the ice algal biomass, and the effectsof crystal alignments and ice plate width of congelation ice are not apparent.
  • JIN Hui-Jun, CHENG Guo-Dong
    JOURNAL OF GLACIOLOGY AND GEOCRYOLOGY. 1998, 20(4): 368-375. https://doi.org/10.7522/j.issn.1000-0240.1998.0067
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save
    As the globally largest area covered by high altitudinal permafrost, the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau may contribute substantially to atmospheric CH4 budget when global warming.Preliminary observations on CH4 emission at Qingshuihe from November 5 to 14, 1995 show that alpine grassland may be a small source for atmospheric CH4 during early winter.The emission rates of CH4 from moist grassland surface varied from -16.1 to 23.9 μg·m-2h-1, with an average of 1.82 μg·m-2h-1.Emission rates of CH4 from water surface of Qingshuihe River were from -21.0 to 37.1 μg·m-2h-1, with an average of 1.56 μg·m-2h-1.The emission rates of CH4 at 30 to 200 cm in depth ranged from -69.0 to 36.0 μg·m-2h-1, with the average rate at these depths varying from -2.15 to 2.04 μg·m-2h-1.The mean emission rates of CH4 in the active layer and permafrost indicate the lower part of active layer tends to release CH4, CH4 is absorbed at low rates in the middle section and in the vicinity of permafrost table, and net fluxes of CH4 is emitted from the soils in the upper part.During the observation periods, the methane concentrations in static chambers and emission rates of grassland and water surface displayed noticeable diurnal variations.The water/ice content may play important role in the spatial variations of methane emission rates.The emission rates of methane is weakly correlated with the ground temperatures at sampling depths and air temperatures.The observed emission rates of methane from the comparatively dry and sandy grassland soils are quite low compared with that observed in the permafrost regions in the high latitudes.
  • KAANG Jian-Cheng, WEN Jia-Hong, WANG Da-Li, LIU Lei-Bao, YAN Ming, Li Yuan-Sheng, Han Jian-Kang, P. A. Mayewski, Mark Twickler, Qinzhao Yang
    JOURNAL OF GLACIOLOGY AND GEOCRYOLOGY. 1998, 20(4): 376-380. https://doi.org/10.7522/j.issn.1000-0240.1998.0068
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save
    Re-measurement of microparticle content of surface 10 m ice core from the top of King George Island Ice Cap shows that, except samples in 8.5~ 10 m depth, the microparticle content generally decreases 45%~ 85% within first 48 hours at melted state, afterwards, the content change is small.Content at each grain size interval has a decrease, but the main decrease is in particles of <3μm.Though particle content varies with depth, the decreases are much larger in peak areas than in valleys.From the tests, it can be considered that, the reason of particle content decrease at melted state is that some sea salt grains in samples dissolved.The microparticle content of samples in 8.5~10 m depth has not decrease, the reason is that melting and re freezing have occurred at the depth, because the ice temperature is near 0℃, and there are series of ice layers, the thickest is 7 cm, at that depth.The chemical analyses for same samples at same conditions show that, except irregular changes in NH4+,NO3-, there are small changes in other ions, probably the content changes in micro-grain <3 μm can not obviously cause the chemical content change in samples.
  • KANG Shi-Chang, Li Ji-Jun, YAO Tan-Dong, YAN Yu-Ping
    JOURNAL OF GLACIOLOGY AND GEOCRYOLOGY. 1998, 20(4): 381-387. https://doi.org/10.7522/j.issn.1000-0240.1998.0069
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save
    In this paper, records of mainly meteorological stations of recent 50 years in Tibetan plateau are compared, and three cold periods and three warm periods as well as the rule of dry and humid variation in the Tibetan plateau during the last 50 years are summarized.It is discovered that the vicissitude time of every warm and cold period at the edge of the plateau is four years earlier than that of the inland, and the year-to-year variation phase of mean monthly temperature of January and July is relatively earlier than that of mean annual temperature.And there are different characteristics of correspondence between mean annual temperature and mean monthly temperature of January and July on the south and the north of the Tanggula Range.
  • LI Zhi-Sheng, CHEN Xu-Dong, ZHANG Yin-Hua, LIANG Xiao-Min, WANG Ji, LIANG Yan-Ling
    JOURNAL OF GLACIOLOGY AND GEOCRYOLOGY. 1998, 20(4): 388-397. https://doi.org/10.7522/j.issn.1000-0240.1998.0070
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save
    Information on the organic compounds in water of Mochou Lake and Heart Lake, Antarctica is given in this paper.93 organic compounds were identified from 121 chemical constituents in lake water, including n-alkanes, lipidal isopentadienes, aromatic hydrocarbons, polycyclic aromatics, alcohols, aldehydes, ketones, esters, monocarboxylic acids and phthalic esters in the range of 0.027~4.97 μg/L.Organic compounds of global occurrence like BHC, DDT and PCBs were detected in the water,at the concentration of 0.012~0.356 μg/L.
  • P. A. Mayewski, L. D. Meeker, M. S. Twickler, S. Whitlow, Q. Yang, K. Kreutz, D. Reusch
    JOURNAL OF GLACIOLOGY AND GEOCRYOLOGY. 1998, 20(4): 398-407. https://doi.org/10.7522/j.issn.1000-0240.1998.0071
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save
    The GISP2, central Greealand, glaciochemical series (sodium, potassium, ammonium,calcium, magnesium, sulfate, nitrate and chloride) provides a unique view of the chemistry of the atmosphere and the history of atmospheric circulation over much of the Northern Hemisphere.Interpretation of this record reveals the controls on both high and low frequency climate events of the last 110 000 years.Changes in insolation on the order of the major orbital cycles control the long-term behavior of atmospheric circulation patterns through changes in ice volume (sea level) and related positive feedbacks.Events such as the Heinrich events (massive discharges of icebergs first identified in the marine record)are found to operate on a 6 100 year cycle due largely to the lagged response of ice sheets to changes in insolation and consequent glacier dynamics Rapid climate change events (massive reorganizations of atmospheric circulation) are demonstrated to operate on 1 450 year cycle possibly in response to internal oscillations in the ocean-atmosphere system or due to changes in solar output.Changes in insolation and associated positive feedbacks related to ice sheets assist in explaining favorable time periods and controls on the amplitude of these massive rapid climate change events.Comparison of the GISP2 glaciochemical series with an ice record from Taylor Dome in Antarctica indicates considerable similarity suggesting that both polar regions experience marked changes in climate.While preliminary evidence points to similar phasing of several major climate events in the two polar regions exact phasing cannot as yet be determined, because dating of Antarctic ice core records is not as well-established as the dating for Greenland ice cores.
  • PU Jian-Chen, SU Zhen, YAO Tan-Dong, XIE Zi-Chu
    JOURNAL OF GLACIOLOGY AND GEOCRYOLOGY. 1998, 20(4): 408-412. https://doi.org/10.7522/j.issn.1000-0240.1998.0072
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save
    Studying the mass balance on the Xiao Dongkemadi Glacier and Hailuogou Glacier shows that the mass balance variation of continent type glacier in the interior of the plateau is in the same phase with that of the marine type glacier in the southeast margin of the plateau.However, the mass balance in the continent type glacier is always positive, and the marine type glacier is in large negative mass balance.The continent type glacier is slow to climate change and the marine glacier is sensitive to climate change.
  • QIN Da-He
    JOURNAL OF GLACIOLOGY AND GEOCRYOLOGY. 1998, 20(4): 413-424. https://doi.org/10.7522/j.issn.1000-0240.1998.0073
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save
    The 1990 International Trans-Antarctica Expedition covered a total distance of 5 896 km and lasted 220 days, during the traverse the author carried out observations of snow-pit stratigraphyand surface characteristics along the Trans-Antarctica route and analyses of stable isotope and glaciochemistry of the selected samples.These studies have provided a batch of the latest and extensive data on the present climate and environment in the Antarctica, which is of great significance to the global change research.From the analysis of this batch of data, a group of achievements have been gained,which are helpful to our understanding comprehensively and systematically on the surface topography of Antarctic Ice Sheet, precipitation distribution, temperature difference, snowfall deposition processes,stable isotope distribution, distribution of main anions and canons and heavy-metal element and their sources in main geographic regions of the Antarctica.The stratigraphy profiles of total 106 snow-pits showed that in West Antarctica the meltwater infiltration-congelation is obvious and the annual precipitation is larger than that in East Antarctica, which implies that the climate in West Antarctica is warmer, more humid and influenced more greatly by the South Ocean than that in East Antarctica.Radiation ice-glazes found frequently in snow profiles indicate that even in inland of East Antarctica, surface "melting" occurs in summer due to the long-time solar radiation.The distribution of δD in the surface 25 cm snow along the traverse showed that the δD decreases in general with increasing latitudes, and the minimum value occurs between 80°S and 85°S (around the Vostok Station).In the top area of the East Antarctic Plateau, ex d value is higher to other regions by 40%, which is tentatively attributed to the difference in vapor sources.The distribution of NO3- along the traverse demonstrates a general feature of higher concentration in the inland than in the outer regions, but the NO3- flux is lower in inland region than that in coastal regions.At both sides of the South Pole, the NO3- concentration and flux peaks occur, which are just in the shield zone of aurora australis, which suggested that the high flux of NO3- may be largely attributed by photoelectricity in the upper atmosphere.The Pb content increases from west to east along the traverse.If the average value over the Larsen Ice Sheet and the Antarctic Peninsula is regarded as the background in modern precipitation, the average value over the section of the traverse between Vostok and Mirnyy Stations is 2~3 times higher than the background, suggesting that the environment in this region has been polluted by human activities.On the other hand, the distribution of Ph content may also be affected by the bio-geochemical processes in the surface water of the South Oceans.
  • REN Jia-Wen, QIN Da-He, Ian Allison
    JOURNAL OF GLACIOLOGY AND GEOCRYOLOGY. 1998, 20(4): 425-431. https://doi.org/10.7522/j.issn.1000-0240.1998.0074
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save
    The Lambert Glacier basin is one of particular regions in East Antarctica, because of its distinctive topography.During the repeat inland traverses carried out in recent several years, surface 2 m snow samples and shallow (10~27 m deep) cores were collected at several ten stations and at near ten stations, respectively.The stable isotopic ratios of these samples and cores were measured in order to investigate the relation of isotopes with temperature and to study the climatic change in recent decades over this area.The correlation between isotopic ratios and mean annual temperature gives that δ-temperature gradient is relatively close to that along a traverse route between Vostok and Mirnyy stations.The inconsistency of δ18O profiles of these cores makes it difficult to distinguish an overall trend of climatic change in past decades.After incorporating the result of snow accumulation variability and temperature record over 30 years at the coast station, it is believed that climate was in a little cooling and drying from 1950s to 1980s and has been in a warming period since then.
  • SHENG Wen-Kun, YAO Tan-Dong, LI Yue-Fang
    JOURNAL OF GLACIOLOGY AND GEOCRYOLOGY. 1998, 20(4): 432-437. https://doi.org/10.7522/j.issn.1000-0240.1998.0075
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save
    Soluble salts on the surface ground in Guliya ice cap area change with climatic factors, especially with dry and wet conditions.pH and electric conductivity values of the Guliya ice core depend on soluble salts originated from surrounding arid or semi-arid regions, therefore the dry and wet changes can be approached by them.Results show that the approached dry and wet changes since the little ice age are consistent with that deduced from δ18O and accumulation rate.
  • TIAN Li-De, YAO Tan-Dong, YANG Zhi-Hong, PU Jian-Chen
    JOURNAL OF GLACIOLOGY AND GEOCRYOLOGY. 1998, 20(4): 438-443. https://doi.org/10.7522/j.issn.1000-0240.1998.0076
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save
    The relationship between δ18O in precipitation and climatic factors is analyzed based on the observation of δ18O in precipitation and meteorological data in the four years from 1992 to 1995 at Tuotuohe Meteorological Station, Tibetan Plateau.Almost all the precipitation on the Tibetan Plateau is concentrated on the warm period of the year, while in the dry cold period, there is only a few precipitation events.Because the factors affecting δ18O in precipitation is rather complicated and the air temperature does not change too much in the precipitation season, the distribution of δ18O in precipitation with air temperature is therefore scattered.In this paper, the relationship between the averages of each meteorological factor and the corresponding δ18O in precipitation is analyzed.The analysis results indicate that there is an obvious positive correlation between the monthly δ18O and temperature in the 4 years: whenever the air temperature increases 1℃, δ18O in precipitation will increase 0.5‰.No correlation can be observed between relative humidity and δ18O in precipitation.There still can not find any correlation between the annual air temperature and annual δ18O in precipitation in the 4 years probably due to the very short time series of the observation and the little annual air temperature variations.
  • WANG Guo-Shang, JIN Hui-Jun, LIN Qing, TIAN Li-De
    JOURNAL OF GLACIOLOGY AND GEOCRYOLOGY. 1998, 20(4): 444-449. https://doi.org/10.7522/j.issn.1000-0240.1998.0077
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save
    The permafrost on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau(QTP) is unstable and sensitive to thermal disturbance due to the combined influences of anthropogenic forcing and global warming on the unique environmental background for permafrost development and preservation.Observations in about 40 years show natural and engineering environments of permafrost region along Qinghai-Tibet Highway(QTH)have changed significantly.The change of permafrost environments on the plateau will result in the remarkable shifts of physical geography and engineering geological environments.In addition, permafrost on the QTP responses actively and feedbacks to global climatic changes significantly.The study of permafrost on the plateau is no less important than the Arctic and Antarctic, and also provide a valuable linkage of climatic and environmental change studies between the other two poles.As the development of the plateau and adjacent areas in large scale is eminent, permafrost as the most important natural environmental factor, its stability and possible changes are extremely important in regional economical development.Therefore, the prediction of these changes and reasonable assessment of permafrost engineering conditions on the plateau based on permafrost monitoring are indispensable for the healthy and sustainable economical development in these regions.
  • WANG Zi-Pan
    JOURNAL OF GLACIOLOGY AND GEOCRYOLOGY. 1998, 20(4): 451-457. https://doi.org/10.7522/j.issn.1000-0240.1998.0078
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save
    Ecological investigation has been done in some saline lakes in the Vestfold Hills (60°38’S, 78°06’ E), East Antarctica.The results show that changes of natural environment and physicalchemical factors, as well as the structure of biotic species and succession do occur in some lakes, due to seasonal and local climate changes and geographic variances in regions.These should be strong ecological proofs to explain that the processes of globle climate change and ice sheet retreating, and isostatic uplift raising, could be continueing in present time, and should be significant to the study on Antarctic and global changes.
  • XIAO Cun-De, QIN Da-He, YAO Tan-Dong, HUANG Cui-Lan, SHENG Wen-Kun, YANG Zhi-Hong
    JOURNAL OF GLACIOLOGY AND GEOCRYOLOGY. 1998, 20(4): 458-465. https://doi.org/10.7522/j.issn.1000-0240.1998.0079
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save
    An ice core which is 5 annual layers contained was drilled at Dongkemadi branch glacier, middle of Tanggula Mis.The chemical analysis shows the obviously similar variations of the concentrations of major canons and anions versus depth.The similarities are ascribed to the same types of aerosols that most of the ions concentrate and coexist.For instant, the aerosols transported from the arid regions outsides north of the Tibetan Plateau as well as the high-mineralized saline lakes on the plateau are probably the main sources of the major ions.However, profile of nitrate is unique compared with other species.The maximum of the concentrations of the major ions, i.e.Na+, Mg2+, Ca2+, and K+, coincides well with the depths of dirty layers, which correspond the accumulation of snowfalls from the end of ablation season to late spring, the concentration peaks of these layers are possibly due to dry deposition during the "rare precipitation and dust storm" season.The contrast between the profiles of chemical species and stratigraphy of ice core suggests that the disturbance of meltwater to the chemical records of ice core is not negligible.we are confirmed therefore by the records of ice core, that the continental air masses prevailingly controlling atmospheric environment over Tibetan Plateau may reach somewhere south of Tanggula Mountain.
  • XIE Zi-Chu, HAN Jian-Kang, ZHU Guo-Cai, JING Xiao-Ping, GAO Xin-Sheng, WEN Jia-Hong, KANG Jian-Cheng
    JOURNAL OF GLACIOLOGY AND GEOCRYOLOGY. 1998, 20(4): 466-472. https://doi.org/10.7522/j.issn.1000-0240.1998.0080
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save
    Coffins Ice Cap, more than 1300 km2 in area, locates on the King George Island, West Antarctica.It is originated in the subpolar maritime climate which is characterized by higher mean annual temperature with cooler summer and abundant precipitation in uniform yearly distribution.It is found that the ice formation is mainly processed through warm infiltration having superimposed ice on some surface: the glacier has higher temperature while colder ice is discovered in a certain area.the ice moves in lower speed while its base is in sliding.So the ice cap is attributed to the subpolar maritime glacier by the authors.In spite of being in stable state during the last 20 years the mass balance of the ice cap behaves positive in recent 10 years due to the increase of precipitation, which offsets the effect of raising air temperature.
  • XIE Si-Mei, ZOU Bin, WANG Yi, BAO Cheng-Lan
    JOURNAL OF GLACIOLOGY AND GEOCRYOLOGY. 1998, 20(4): 473-480. https://doi.org/10.7522/j.issn.1000-0240.1998.0081
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save
    In this paper, the long-term variation trend of the Antarctic sea ice in 1973~1994 and the inter-decade variation rule of the global sea level are analyzed.It is foundthat, the Antarctic sea ice area in 1980’s was significantly less than in 1970’s but with regional difference:decreasing in Regions Ⅰ, Ⅱ, and Ⅲ, and increasing in Region Ⅳ, the average global sea levelheightvalue in 1980’s was also significantly higher than in 1970’s but also with very large regional difference.Connecting variation of both to analyze their physical mechanism, it is pointed that, the accumulated seaice anomaly value in 1980’s less than in 1970’s means a global climate warming, the sea watertemperature and air temperature rising, sea water volume expanding, and more icebergs transportingfrom the ice cover on the Antarctic continent to ocean in the warmer years.As a result, the global sealevel raised significantly with the global average sea level value in 1980’s was 22 mm higher than in 1970’s.The Sea Level Raising (SLR) distributed uneven.It is especially true in the Pacific Ocean andAtlantic.This kind of uneven SLR distribution closely relates to, or is introduced by the uneven sea ice change of the Antarctic Regions.
  • XIE Si-Mei, BAO Cheng-Lan, HAO Chun-Jiang
    JOURNAL OF GLACIOLOGY AND GEOCRYOLOGY. 1998, 20(4): 481-486. https://doi.org/10.7522/j.issn.1000-0240.1998.0082
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save
    The anomalous change of two polar sea ice and tropical ocean SST is a very important index for global climate monitoring and prediction.In this paper, the wave resonance principle is used to calculate month by month running cross couple correlation coefficient time series between sea ice in different sea area of two Polars, as well as between them and five elements of E1 Nino events, to analyze their variation features, and to find out their resonance periods.The resonance period of two waves is just the strongest interaction period.Some results are concluded as follows.1) The Arctic sea ice to the Pacific-side (NPI1) and Atlantic-side (NP12) show a strong positive-negative feedback impact each other to the Antarctic Ross Sea ice (SPI2) with equal intensity.2) Both NPI1 and NPI2 give a strong positive and negative feedback to the Antarctic Wedded Sea ice (SPI3) while it is rather weak in convercse status.It means that, the Arctic sea ice plays a leading and controlling role on the Wedded Sea ice.3) SST of Nino 4 area in thecentral equatorial Pacific has a best resonance period with SPI2 with cycle period of 132 months.It closely relates to quasi-11 years oscillation period of both SST of Nino 4 area and SPI2.SST of Nino 4 has also a resonance period to SPI3 with cycle of 61 months.There also exist strong interaction periods between the Antarctic sea ice and other elements of ENSO event but weaker than SST of Nino 4 area.
  • WANG Han-Sheng, ZHANG Chi-Jun
    JOURNAL OF GLACIOLOGY AND GEOCRYOLOGY. 1998, 20(4): 487-489. https://doi.org/10.7522/j.issn.1000-0240.1998.0083
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save
    In this paper, supposing that the earth is a spherically symmetric, perfectly elastic and isotropic, we derive the equation of the variation of relative sea level, utilize our previous results of the surface load Love numbers for PREM (1981) model, and compute the global relative sea level rise on the assumption that 10 meters thickness of Antarctic ice sheet would be melted in the future fifty years.