25 November 1993, Volume 15 Issue 4
    

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  • Vladimir Aizen, Helen Loktionova
    JOURNAL OF GLACIOLOGY AND GEOCRYOLOGY. 1993, 15(4): 517-534. https://doi.org/10.7522/j.issn.1000-0240.1993.0093
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    A model for calculating the mass-energy exchange and glacial runoff from sub-continental mountain glacier systems was developed using the experimental data from two years of field investigation in the Central Tien Shan of the former Soviet Union. The primary glacioclimatic factors controlling the current state of glaciation in this system were identified and quantified. The effect of this glacial system on the global hydrological cycle and share of the total atmospheric moisture input to this blind drainage system that is stored in the system were calculated. The interaction of the global atmosphere circulation change and state of glaciation was found. The components of mass balance of this glacial system for the last 300 years was also reconstructed.
  • Wang Baolai
    JOURNAL OF GLACIOLOGY AND GEOCRYOLOGY. 1993, 15(4): 535-541. https://doi.org/10.7522/j.issn.1000-0240.1993.0094
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    Deep permafrost thermal regime has significant implications in climatic change studies because it preserves information on the history of near-surface temperatures.The disturbance caused by drilling to permafrost thermal condition is so profound that even after several years of drilling deep boreholes can not return to their thermal equilibrium (undisturbed) state. Heat dissipation theory indicates that the time necessary for a borehole of several hundred metres deep to attain temperature equilibrium is approximately 50 years. The temperature return in a borehole is a remarkably good fit to the logarithmic relationship which provides an effective means of determining undisturbed (equilibrium) temperatures.
  • Wu Chaode, Peng Gongbing
    JOURNAL OF GLACIOLOGY AND GEOCRYOLOGY. 1993, 15(4): 542-550. https://doi.org/10.7522/j.issn.1000-0240.1993.0095
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    In order to know the influence of the Arctic sea-ice extent on the surface air temperature over China, the relationship between them have been studied by using statistical analyses including the correlation calculation, difference fields, empirical orthogonal function, maximum entropy spectrum and power spectrum analyses. In this paper 372 monthly data of the sea-ice extent and the simultaneous air temperature data of 30 meterological stations over China are used.The results show that in some cases there are close correlations between the air temperature and the sea-ice extent. They have common change periods. We can find significant influence of the sea-ice areas in summer on the air temperature in winter, particularly in December and February, and the main influence is concentrated on the northern China.
  • Su Zhen, Liang Dalan, Hong Ming
    JOURNAL OF GLACIOLOGY AND GEOCRYOLOGY. 1993, 15(4): 551-558. https://doi.org/10.7522/j.issn.1000-0240.1993.0096
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    Lying at the southeastern margin of the Tibetan Plateau, the Gongga Mts., with 1/6 the whole area above 5 000 m a.s.l. is situated at the middle section of the Daxueshan Mts. where the highest peak is up to 7 514 m a.s.l.. Based on meteorological observation, the precipitation in the accumulation area is estimated to be about 3 000 mm each year and the annual airtemperature is about -4.1-5.1℃ at the equilibrium line on the east slope of themountains, while the annual precipitation on the west slope is 1 800 mm in the accumulation area. Such an aboundant accumulation and necessarily lower temperature are prefitable to glacier development.There are 74 glaciers with a total area of 255.1 square km around the Gongga Mts. where different glaciers types can be found. Though glaciers are relatively concentrated, the difference in scale is most obvious. Glaciers on east slope are less than those on the west, but glaciers on the east slope are larger than those on the west, Moreover the snow line altitudes and glacier fronts on the east slope extend to lower altitudes than those on the west.
  • Feng Min
    JOURNAL OF GLACIOLOGY AND GEOCRYOLOGY. 1993, 15(4): 559-565. https://doi.org/10.7522/j.issn.1000-0240.1993.0098
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    Hanasi Lake, with the maximum depth of 188.5 m and mean depth of 122.1 m, is located in central part of Altay Mountains. The lake profile shows rarely typical box-form and there exists active graben under the floor, implying intense modern fault rift. The lake basin originates from structural fault, glacial erosion and terminal moraine dam. During the last glacial age, the lake area got smaller due to the cutting down of the terminal moraine.
  • Wang Shaoling, Mi Haizhen
    JOURNAL OF GLACIOLOGY AND GEOCRYOLOGY. 1993, 15(4): 566-573. https://doi.org/10.7522/j.issn.1000-0240.1993.0099
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    Because dark asphalt pavement absorbes heat strongly, a subsidence of the artificial permafrost table takes place on about 60% of the highway length under roadbed year by year in the permafrost region. An unlinked condition of permafrost in vertical is caused, and a "thawing core" is formed. There is a great influence of thawing cores on the stability of roadbed. The permafrost layer has been thawed completely or the permafrost classification has been changed under the roadbed at some sections of the road.
  • Guo Xudong, Yan Fuhua
    JOURNAL OF GLACIOLOGY AND GEOCRYOLOGY. 1993, 15(4): 574-581. https://doi.org/10.7522/j.issn.1000-0240.1993.0100
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    In 1991 and 1992, the author observed and inspected the so-called "glacial evidence" in Tanzhesi area. But the facts we found show that the Shui’s glacial hypothesis is untenable. The reasons are as follows:1. The so-called ancient cirque and glacial trough and glacial U-shaped valley et al. in the shui’s report bear no any resemblance to glacial cirque and glacial U-shaped valley, and no evidence there for former glaciation can be found. They are periglacial eroded depressions and river valley.2. The so-called glacial boulders widely distributed in Tanzhsi region are gravel formation on the Neocene planation surface, debris flow deposits in pediment area, and eluvial-deluvial deposit in that region.3. Sporo-pollen composition analysis, the existance of periglacial phenomena, and thermoluminescene dating show that a savanah steppe or tundra environment prevailed there in the Tanzhesi area during Quaternary period.From the evidence on the changes of botany, microshaped feature of quartz grain size and periglacial climate on the basis of the permafrost it is inferred that no glaciation occurs ever in the Tanzhesi area of Western Mountain, Beijing. Therefore, periglacial environment existed there rather than glaciers.
  • Cao Zhentang
    JOURNAL OF GLACIOLOGY AND GEOCRYOLOGY. 1993, 15(4): 582-589. https://doi.org/10.7522/j.issn.1000-0240.1993.0101
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    Based on the hydrometeorological information obtained during Sino-Japan joint expedition to west Kunlun glacier in June-August 1987 and observation in the adjacent area, the formation, norishment, and seasonal distribution of runoff in the glaciation area near Gozha glacier, on the south slope of the West Kunlun Mts., were analysed in the present paper.Gozha glacier, an extreme continental one, covers about 47 percent of the glaciation area. The ablation period, from the last ten days of May to the end of September, is about 130 days. Of all factors which influence the ablation of the glacier, air temperature is the most important one.The runoff depth of the glacial meltwater is 200.2 mm, which is the lowest values of recorded in China now. The runoff modulus is 17.7 L/s·km2.The glacial meltwater accounts for 80 percent of annual runoff amount. The large seasonal variation of the glacial meltwater runoff is surprisingly pronounced. In summer (June to August) the meltwater made up 80 percent of the annual meltwater runoff, and in the period from July to September about 86.3 percent.
  • Wang Liangwei, Liao Quanrong, Zhang Yaonan
    JOURNAL OF GLACIOLOGY AND GEOCRYOLOGY. 1993, 15(4): 590-594. https://doi.org/10.7522/j.issn.1000-0240.1993.0102
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    MST-88 multichannel temperature data logger, with the integrated circuit AD590 as temperature sensor and pocket computer PC-1500(A) as the data process system, can collect 10 field temperature parameters and perform linearity correction automatically. Through man-machine conversation, it can complete field temperature parameter logging, printing, display, deposit and data proceeding automatically.
  • Li Peiji
    JOURNAL OF GLACIOLOGY AND GEOCRYOLOGY. 1993, 15(4): 595-601. https://doi.org/10.7522/j.issn.1000-0240.1993.0103
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    This paper reviews the significant advances from studies of the large scale effects of seasonal snow cover on climate dynamics. Major problems in the earlier statistical studies and recent model simulations have been discussed by highlighting snow data uncertainties. The author argues that detailed and accurate information on spatial patterns, seasonal cycle, and year-to-year variability of snow cover is needed to throw light on the underlying physical mechanisms of their effects on climate dynamics and climate change. It is still a challenge to detect and identify a sustained impact of snow cover over the Tibetan Plateau on Asian monsoon development. The cause-effect connection between ENSO, Asian monsoon and Eurasian snow cover is needed to be examined further with realistic snow cover.